Burns Flashcards
burn physio
Causes intracellular influx of water and sodium
Extracellular migration of potassium
zone of coagulation
Tissue is irreversibly destroyed with thrombosis of blood vessels
zone of hyperemia
Increased blood flow
Minimal damage to cells and spontaneous recovery is likely
superficial burns
sunburn, involve only epidermis
superficial partial thickness burn
Form blisters within 24 hours between the epidermis and the dermis
Painful, red, weeping, blanch with pressure
no scar, not included in TBSA
deep partial thickness burn
Extend into the deeper dermis and damage hair follicles and glandular tissue
Painful to pressure only
Almost always blister
scar
full thickness burn
- Extend through and destroy all layers of the dermis and often injure the underlying subcutaneous tissue
- no pain bc nerves are destroyed
- Appearance can vary from waxy white to leathery gray to charred and black (eschar)
grafts necessary
4th degree
Extend through the skin into underlying soft tissue and can involve muscle and/or bone
Most accurate method for estimating TBSA for both adults and children
lund-browder chart
For adult assessment, this is the most expeditious method to estimate TBSA in adults
rules of 9
palm method
Palm of the hand, excluding the fingers, is approximately 0.5 % TBSA
Entire palmar surface including fingers is 1% in children and adults
minor burn characteristics
Partial thickness < 15% TBSA, age 10 – 50
Partial thickness < 10% TBSA, age < 10 or > 50
Full thickness < 2% in anyone
tx outpt
moderate burn characteristics
Partial thickness 15 – 25% TBSA, age 10 – 50
Partial thickness 10 – 20% TBSA, age < 10 or > 50
hospitalize
major burn characteristics
Partial thickness >= 25% TBSA, age 10 – 50
Partial thickness > 20% TBSA, age < 10 or > 50
Full thickness > 10% TBSA in anyone
Burns involving hands, face, feet, or perineum
Burns crossing major joints
burn center
main cause of mortality in burn patients
inhalation injury
