Burgundy Flashcards
What type of climate is in Burgundy?
Continental
What are the five main winegrowing areas?
Chablis, Cote de Nuits, Cote d’Or, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais, Beaujolais
What is the soil in Burgundy?
Chalk, calcareous clay, marl, limestone
What is the soil in Beaujolais?
Granite
Where is Chablis located?
130 km (80miles) north of Dijon.
Closer to Champagne than Burgundy
What is the climate of Chablis?
Cool, continental
Where is the Cote Chalonnaise?
South of Cote d’Or.
Located in northern Saone-et-Loire
Where does the name Saone-et-Loire originate from?
The city of Chalon-sur-Saone
What river is the Cote Chalonnaise by?
Region lies on western edge of Saone River Valley. Series of non-contiguous, gently sloping hillsides
What are the largest areas of production for white wine in Burgundy?
1 Chablis
What is the dominate method for clonal selection in Burgundy?
Selection massale.
Field selection vs clonal selection. Creates greater diversity in the vineyard and is believed to create a more complex wine
What is a lieux-dit?
Specific part of vineyard or region recognized for its own topographical or historical significance
What is the soil of Chablis?
Kimmeridgian clay/ limestone
Kimmeridgian Age–150 million years ago
Sub soils of grey marl alternate with limestone
Ancient seabed that is rich in fossilized oysters
What is the cepage of a label stating Chablis AOP?
100% Chardonnay
What is the only AOP in Burgundy allowed to grow Sauvignon Blanc?
St Bris AOP
What are some threats to harvest in Chablis?
Hail and late season frosts
Do you see oak used in wines from Chablis?
No oak in lower tier wines but upper tier will see use
Is malolactic fermentation common in Chablis?
Yes
What are the AOPs of Chablis
Chablis AOP
Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP
What is special about the Chablis Grand Crus?
South/southwest exposure.
Kimmeridgean limestone bed
What are the 7 grand crus of Chablis?
Les Preuses Vaudesir Valmur Les Clos Blanchot Bourgros Grenouilles
How long is the Cote d’ Or?
30 miles, north to south.
Starts at city of Dijon and ends at village of Santenay
What does Cote d’Or translate to?
Golden Slope
What is the topography of the Cote de Nuits?
Hillsides and ridges
Where are top vineyard sites located in Cote de Nuits?
Middle section of the hillside
What is the climate of the Cote de Nuits?
Continental
What grapes are grown in Cote de Nuits?
Pinot Noir.
Rarely producing white wines.
Where are the Grand Crus in Chablis located?
On the right bank of the Serein River
What direction do the vineyards of Cote de Nuits face?
East
What direction do the vineyards of Cote de Beaune face?
Southeast
What is the preferred barrel size used in Burgundy?
228 liter “piece”
Some producers use larger barrels for white wines
Percentage of new oak in concordance with quality
What is the soil in Cote de Nuits?
Marl and limestone
What are some threats to harvest in Cote de Nuits?
Frost, summer hail, and excessive rain in the fall
Is whole cluster fermentation used?
Mixed use of whole vs destemmed cluster fermentation.
1970s and 80s–Whole cluster is widely popular
How many grand crus of Burgundy are in Cote de Nuits?
24 of 33
What are the village appellations for red wine in the Cote de Nuits? (north to south)
- Marsannay
- Fixin
- Gevry-Chambertin
- Morey Saint-Denis
- Chambolle Musigny
- Vougeot
- Vosne Romanee
- Flagey- Echezeaux
- Nuits-Saint-Georges
What are the village appellations for white wine in Cote de Nuits?
- Marsannay
- Fixin
- Morey-Saint-Denis
- Vougeot
- Nuits-Saint-Georges
*very little produced compared to red wine
What is the one grand cru in Cote de Nuits that can produce white wine?
Musigny
What are the Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
- Chambertin
- Chambertin-Clos de Beze
- Chapelle-Chambertin
- Charmes-Chambertin
- Griotte-Chambertin
- Latricieres-Chambertin
- Mazis Chambertin
- Mazoyeres-Chambertin
- Ruchottes-Chambertin
What are the Grand Crus of Morey-Saint-Denis?
- Bonnes-Mares
- Clos de la Roche
- Clos des Lambrays
- Clos de Tart
- Clos Saint Denis
What are the Grand Crus of Chambolle Musigny?
- Bonnes-Mares
- Musigny
What is the Grand Cru of Vougeot?
-Clos de Vougeot
What are the Grand Crus of Flagey Echezeaux ?
- Echezeaux
- Grands Echzeaux
What are the Grand Crus of Vosnee Romanee ?
- La Grande Rue
- La Romanee
- La Tache
- Richbourg
- Romanee Conti
- La Romanee
What are recent top vintages of the Cotes de Nuits?
2005 2009 2010 2014 2015 2018
Are there any Grand Crus in Nuits-Saint-Georges?
No!
There is some interest in elevating the best premier cru “Les Saint Georges” to this status e
What is are the soil types found in the Cote de Beaune?
- marl
- limestone
What is the climate of the Cote de Beaune?
Continental, but with a wide range of microclimates from village to village even vineyard to vineyard
What is the largest grand cru in Burgundy?
Corton
Can produce red and white wines
Only Grand Cru in Cote de Beaune that can produce a red Grand Cru
What are the villages north to south in the Cote de Beaune?
- Pernand-Verglesses
- Ladoix-Serrigny
- Aloxe-Corton
- Savigny-les-Beaune
- Chorey-les-Beaune
- Beaune
- Pommard
- Volnay
- Monthelie
- Auxey-Duresses
- Saint Roman
- Mersault
- Blagny
- Saint Aubin
- Puligny-Montrachet
- Chassange-Montrachet
- Santenay
- Maranges
What are the Grand Crus of Pernand Verglesses?
- Corton
- Charlemagne
What are the Grand Crus of Ladoix-Serrigny?
- Corton
- Corton-Charlemagne
What is the Grand Cru of Aloxe Corton?
Corton
What are the Grand Crus of Puligny Montrachet?
- Batard Montrachet
- Bienvenues Montrachet
- Chevalier Montrachet
- Montrachet
- Criots Batard Montrachet
Good recent Cote de Beaune vintages?
2005 2009 2010 2014 2015 2017
Where is Cote Chalonnaise?
Directly south of Cote d’Or
No hillside escarpments protect rom east winds
What is the climate of Cote Chalonnaise?
Continental
What is the commune that can produce Aligote?
Bouzeron
What are the villages in Cote Chalonnaise? (north to south)
- Bouzeron
- Rully
- Mercurey
- Givry
- Montagny
What are the white wine only appellations in Chalonnaise?
- Montagny
- Bouzeron
What is the climate in the Maconnais?
Continental
Slightly warmer and drier than northern Burgundy regions
What is the topography like in the Maconnais?
Low lying hills and flat farmland
What are the communes of the Maconnais?
Pouilly-Fuisse Poiully-Loche Poiully-Vinzelles Saint Veran Vire-Clesse
What is the topography of the Maconnais like?
Similar to Chalonnaise, but more dramatic in the south
as jagged limestone outcrops rise up.
What is the Rock of Solutre?
Limestone outcrop in Maconnais.
Highest and most symbolic site in the Saone-et-Loire
What are the Monts du Beaujolais?
Choppy, low mountains that reach upwards of 1,100 feet in elevation.
Separates Maconnais and Beaujolais
Where is Beaujolais located?
South and slightly overlapping the Maconnais.
35 miles long from north to south
What is the climate of Beaujolais?
Semi-continental.
Warmer than the rest of Burgundy
What are the soils of Beaujolais like?
North: Schist (volcanically pressed slate) and granite
South: sandstone and clay
Where is hillside viticulture prominent in Beaujolais?
Northern crus.
Leads to lower yieds.
What are the crus of Beaujolais? (north to south)
- Saint-Amour
- Julienas
- Chenas
- Moulin-a-Vent
- Fleurie
- Chiroubles
- Morgon
- Regnie
- Cote de Brouilly
- Brouilly
When are Beaujolais noveau wines released?
3rd Thursday of November
How is carbonic maceration induced?
Winemaker will seal whole clusters or whole berries of red grapes in a tank and pump in carbon dioxide.
In the absence of oxygen, intact whole berries undergo a short intracellular fermentation, metabolizing individual stores of glucose and malic acid to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide without the aid of yeast.
During carbonic maceration, tannins and anthocyanins move from the skins to the flesh of each grape, giving the juice color.
Can attain 2% alcohol before it dies and cellular activity ceases.
What are the lees aging requirements for Cremant de Bourgogne?
9 months on lees
