BURGUNDY Flashcards
1
Q
Of the approximately 500 AOCs in France, how many are in Burgundy?
A
100
2
Q
What is a monopole?
A
A vineyard owned by one person
3
Q
What is the climate of Burgudy?
A
semi-continental : (the Atlantic impacts the north and the Mediterranean impacts the south)
4
Q
Does the Saone River have any impact on the climate of Burgundy?
A
No
5
Q
How long is Burgundy from north to south?
A
224km
6
Q
What are the main grape varietals in Burgundy?
A
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
7
Q
What are the ancillary grapes of Burgundy?
A
White: Aligote, Sacy, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris (syn. Pinot Beurot), Sauvignon Blanc
Red: Cesar, Gamay
8
Q
Wines of Burgundy typically are single varietal or blends?
A
Single varietal
9
Q
Bourgogne Gamay and Bourgogne Pinot Noir require what minimum percentage of their grape varietal?
A
85%
10
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
New world Chardonnays display less minerality and less acidity and more candied malo-lactic elements than their Burgundian counterparts?
A
True
11
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
New world Pinot Noirs tend to be fruit-forward and highly extracted whereas red Burgundies possess very polished tannins and display more spice and earth elements
A
True
12
Q
Which AOC is dedicated mostly to Gamay, however, one third must be comprised of Pinot Noir and/or Pinot Liebault. It may even contain up to 15% Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris and Chardonnay. The wine itself may be red or rose?
A
Passe-tout grains AOC
13
Q
Which AOC, dedicated to the production of sparkling wine, can be composed of Sacy, Aligote, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Melon, Pinot Noir, Cesar and Gamay
A
Cremant de Bourgogne AOC
14
Q
What is the difference between colluvial and alluvial soils?
A
Colluvuial: soils formed from rain-driven slope wash
Alluvial: soils formed from river sediment
15
Q
Are the soils of Burgundy colluvial or alluvial?
A
Colluvial
16
Q
Hautes Cotes de Beaune and Hautes Cotes de Nuits vineyards are located at the top or bottom of the slope?
A
Top
17
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
The bottom of the slope has the thinnest top soil and receives the least amount of rain
A
FALSE
The top does
18
Q
Most Grand cru vineyards are located at what point of the slope?
A
Mid-slope
19
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
The plains grow grapes with this least amount of distinction and character
A
True - Deep soils and ample water supply enable the grapevine to grow vigorously. Energy is directed to shoot growth rather than ripening fruit.
20
Q
What is the most desirable slope aspect in Burgundy?
A
East - Morning sun dried morning dew and quickly warms the soil
21
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
Pinot Noir prefers limestone soils or marls with high limestone content
A
True
22
Q
Pinot Noir + ????? = lightly pigmented but sublimely elegant wines; highly aromatic
A
Limestone
23
Q
Pinot Noir + ???? = less elegant reds with more structure and fruit
A
Marl
24
Q
Pinot Noir + ???? = less aromatic and less complex reds with plenty of body; need 5-7 years of bottle age to evolve and express themselves
A
Clay
25
Chardonnay prefers which type of soil?
Marly
26
Chardonnay + ????? = powerfully dense whites with tremendous concentration of flavour; age-worthy
Marl
27
Chardonnay + ????? = wines of structure and depth; round, earthy
Clay
28
Chardonnay + ????? = high acid wines with aromas of citrus fruits and mineral
Limestone
29
TRUE OR FALSE
| All Bourgogne wines are AOC
True
30
How many Grand Crus are there in Burgundy?
33
31
How many regional AOCs are there in Burgundy?
23 - representing 52% of total wine production
32
A Cremant de Bourgogne Eminent must undergo how many months sure lie?
24
33
A Cremant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent must undergo how many months sur lie?
36 + 3 months in cellar between disgorgement and release
34
How many villages are there in Burgundy?
44
35
How many Premier Cru vineyards are there in Burgundy?
635
36
Which wine region of Burgundy is located on the slopes of the Serein River Valley?
Chablis
37
Which wine regions vineyards are located around the towns of Auxerre, Tonnerre, Vezelay and Joigny?
Grand Auxerrois
38
TRUE OR FALSE
| The vineyards of Chatillonais are located to the east of Chablis?
True
39
What is Chablis' cliamte?
Continental with Atlantic influences
40
Cloud cover has what effect on the wines of Chablis?
Slows the ripening process - this results in higher acid wines with a reserved aromatic profile
41
The Grand Cru and Premier Cru vineyards of Chablis are situated on which type of soil?
Kimmeridgean marl
42
The Chablis AOC and Petit Chablis AOC vineyards are planted in which type of soil?
Portlandian marl
43
The soils of Chatillonais and Grand Auxerrois are mostly comprised of what soil?
Portlandian marl
44
TRUE OR FALSE
| Both red and white wines are produced in Chablis?
False - wine production is 100% white
45
How many AOCs are there in Chablis?
Four
1. Grand Cru
2. Premier Cru
3. Chablis
4. Petit Chablis
46
How many Grand crus are there in Chablis?
One
47
Name the 7 climats sharing the single Grand Cru of Chablis
1. Bougros
2. Les Clos
3. Grenouilles
4. Blanchot
5. Les Preuses
6. Valmur
7. Vaudesir
48
How many different climats make up Chablis Premier Cru AOC
89
49
Irancy AOC is what kind of wine?
Red - crafted from Pinot Noir and optionally blended with up to 10% Cesar
50
Which region is home to Irancy AOC?
Grand Auxerrois
51
In which region is Saint-Bris AOC located?
Grand Auxerrois
52
Which two grape varietals are planted in Saint-Bris AOC?
Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
53
Chatillonnais AOC produces which type of wine?
Cremant de Bourgogne from Pinot Noir, Gamay, Chardonnay and Aligote
54
Which village of the Cote de Nuits is the exception to the rule producing wines that are delicately perfumed and gossamer on the palate?
Chambolle-Musigny
55
TRUE OR FALSE
| The whites of the Cote de Nuits are elegant and finely structured with delicate apple fruit
True
56
Which region is known for reds that are firmly structured with dark berry fruits and earth and spice? Cotes de Nuits or Cote de Beaune
Cote de Nuits
57
TRUE OR FALSE
| The wines wines of Hautes Cotes de Nuits require time in bottle to mature and mellow?
True - they are robust and firm with significant tannin-acid structure
58
Cote d'Or translates to what?
Golden slope
59
The Cote de Nuits, Cote de Beaune and Cote Chalonnaise possess which climate?
Continental
60
TRUE OR FALSE
| Vintage variation is important in Burgundy?
True
61
What are the grape varieties found in the Cote de Nuits
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Aligote, Pinot Gris (locally known as Pinot Beurot)
62
What soil type is found throughout the Cote de Nuits making it better suited to Pinot Noir?
Limestone and Limestone rich marl
63
What percentage of the Cote de Nuits wine produced i red?
89%
64
Which village in the Cote de Nuits is known for producing top quality rose?
Marsannay
65
How many Grand Crus are there in the Cote de Nuits?
24
66
How many white wine Grand Crus are there in the Cote de Nuits?
1: Musigny (most of the Musigny Grand Cru is red)
67
What are the principal villages from North to South in the Cote de Nuits? (8)
1. Marsanny
2. Fixin
3. Gevrey-Chambertin
4. Morey-Saint-Denis
5. Chambolle-Musigny
6. Vougeot
7. Vosne-Romanee
8. Nuits-Saint_Geoorges
68
Does Marasanny contain any 1er or Grand cru sites?
No - it is known for its production of delicate and fruity rose
69
How many 1er and Grand Cru sites are there in Fixin?
Six 1er Cru, 0 Grand Cru
These are well structured, robust, earthy reds with frim tannins; perfect candidates for cellaring
70
How many 1er cru and Grand cru sites are there in Gevrey-Chambertin?
26 1er Cru, 9 Grand Cru
These wines carry enough acid, tannin and fruit to have earned a reputation for being cellar worthy
71
What are the 9 Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
1. Chambertin
2. Chambertin Clos de Beze
3. Chapelle - Chambertin
4. Charmes - Chambertin
5. Mazoyeres-Chambertin
6. Griotte - Chambertin
7. Latricieres - Chambertin
8. Mazis - Chambertin
9. Ruchottes-Chambertin
72
How many 1er and Grand Cru sites are there in Morey-Saint-Denis?
20 1er Cru, 5 Grand Cru
73
Which AOC seems to combine the power of its northern neighbour Gevrey with the delicate aromatic profile of its southern neighbour Chambolle?
Morey-Saint-Denis
74
What are the 5 Grand Crus of Morey-Saint-Denis?
1. Clos de la Roche
2. Clos Saint-Denis
3. Clos des Lambrays
4. Clos de Tart
5. Bonnes Mares
75
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Chambolle-Musigny?
24 1er Cru, 2 Grand Cru
Bothe red and white wines have an extraordinary delicate and lacy character
76
What are the 2 Grand Cru sites of Chambolle-Musigny
1. Bonnes Mares
| 2. Musigny
77
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Vougeot?
4 1er Cru, 1 Grand Cru
78
What is the Grand Cru of Vougeot?
Clos de Vougeot
The wines over time develop complex aromas of berry and hints of forest undergrowth.
79
What is the only Grand Cru of the Cote d'Or that rests at the bottom of the slope?
Clos de Vougeot
80
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Vosne-Romanee?
14 1er Cru, 8 Grand Cru
81
Which prestigious 8 Grand cru wines are hallmarked by a velvet texture and a melange of berry fruit, violet perfume and feshly-shoveled earth?
Vosne Romanee
82
What are the 8 Grand Cru sites of Vosne-Romanee?
1. La Romanee
2. Romanee-Conti
3. Romanee-Saint-Vivant
4. Richebourg
5. La Tache
6. Echezeaux
7. Grands Echezeaux
8. La Grande Rue
83
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Nuits-Saints-Georges?
41 1er cru, 0 Grand Cru
The wines are meaty, spicy, earthy and deep
84
Which AOC is shared by the five villages of: Fixin, Brochon, Premeaux, Comblanchien and Corgoloin?
Cote de Nuits-Villages AOC
85
The Cote de Beaune lies to the north or south of the Cote de Nuits?
south
86
What are the grape varieties of the Cotes de Beaune?
Chardonnay, Aligote, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris (locally known as Pinot Beurot)
87
The Hautes Cotes de Beaune appellation comprises if how many villages?
12
88
What is the production of red and white wine in the Cote de Beaune? (%)
57% red
| 43% white
89
What are the soil types found in the Cote de Beaune?
Limestone
| Limestone rich marl
90
How many Grand Crus are there in the Cote de Beaune?
8
91
What is the only red Grand Cru of the Cote de Beaune?
Corton (it is both red and white)
92
What are the principle villages from north to south in the Cote de Beaune? (17)
1. Ladoix-Serrigny
2. Aloxe-Corton
3. Pernand-Vergelesses
4. Chorey-Les-Beaune
5. Savigny - Les-Beaune
6. Beaune
7. Pommard
8. Volnay
9. Monthelie
10. Auxey- Duresses
11. Meursault
12. Saint-Romain
13. Puligny-Montrachet
14. Chassagne-Montrachet
15. Saint-Aubin
16. Santenay
17. Marangues
93
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Ladoix-Serrigny?
11 1er crus, 2 Grand crus
94
What are the 2 Grand Cru sites in Ladoix-Serrigny?
1. Corton
| 2. Corton Charlemagne
95
Which grand cru produces wines with a unique weight and mineral impact upon the palate that speaks to its terroir. The wine is almost thick. Rivals in power would be Montrachet and Chevalier-Montrachet.
Corton-Charlmagne
96
Which Grand cru produces whites that over time yield rich aromas of Golden Delicious apple, pear and hazelnut. Its reds posses both power and suppleness coupled with rich, earthy, gamy notes.
Corton
97
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Pernand- Vergelesses?
8 1er cru, 2 grand cru
98
What are the 2 grand cru sites in Pernand-Verglesses?
1. Corton
| 2. Corton-Charlemagne
99
Which principle village, containing two grand crus has vineyards on the slope of the Corton hill. The whites possess flavours of ripe apple and toasted nut all wrapped around a tight core of minerality and acidity. The reds take at least 5 years of bottle age to mature due to the iron rich nature of its clay rich marls.
Pernand-Vergelessess
100
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Chorey-Les-Beaune?
0
The wines are hallmarked by delicate tannins and slight acidity making them supple and elegant. The aromas are all raspberry and cherry
101
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Savigny-Les-Beaune?
22 1ers, 0 Grand cru
The whites hint of apple and hazelnut, the reds are supple with silken tannins and soft berry fruit. Most of the production is red.
102
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Beaune?
24 1er cru, 0 Grand cru
103
What AOC is Bourgone's wine capital. Prodcuing mostly red wines of substantial tannic grip; two-thirds if which are 1er cru. The reds are perfumed with hints of violets, black cherry and blackcurrant underscored by the heady fragrance of autumn leaves. As they age they pick up notes of truffle, spice and leather
Beaune
104
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Pommard?
28 1er, 0 grand cru
105
Which AOC produces only red wine. Its high percentage of clay yields reds with intense flavours and aromas. Look for blackberry, plum and blueberry. The wines tend to be astringent in their youth and require several years to mellow and soften in order to express subtle hints of leather and wild animal.
Pommard AOC
106
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Volnay?
29 1er cru, 0 grand cru
107
Which AOC produces only red wine. 45% of production id 1er cru. Wines are characterised by a soft, supple mouthfeel. They are aromatic with dark berry fruit accented by woody, wild animal notes. With age the wine picks up notes of prune and spice.
Volnay
108
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Montheile?
15 1er, 0 Grand cru
109
Which AOC has vineyards clustered around a coomb (a cut into a hillside made by a river) lying on alluvial deposits of high quality. Reds are characterised by a delicate perfume and soft, silken tannins. The flavours are gossamer across the palate and subtle... these Pinot Noirs are more aroma than flavour.
Montheile AOC
110
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Auxey-Duresses?
9 1er cru, 0 grand cru
111
Which AOC is located at the halfway point of the Cote de Beaune. It makes tight, lean wines from both Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. The whites hint of apple and almond; the reds have silken tannins and red berry fruit
Auxey-Duresses AOC
112
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Meursault?
18 1er cru, 0 grand cru
113
Which AOCs production of wine is 96.5% white and nearly one third 1er cru. It lies at the centre of a broad coomb to the south of Auxey-Duresses. The wines are characterised by a rich, creamy texture and flavour profile that hints of apple and oatmeal when young - and coffee, hazelnuts, cinnamon and honey when aged?
Meursault AOC
114
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Saint-Romain?
0
115
Which AOC is at high elevation producing 62% white and 38% red wine. It is a good 5 degrees colder than the plains below it. As a result the wines are lean, crisp and chiseled?
Saint-Romain AOC
116
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Puligny-Montrachet?
17 1er cru, 4 grand cru
117
What are the 4 Grand cru sites of Puligny-Montrachet?
1. Montrachet
2. Batard-Montrachet
3. Chevalier-Montrachet
4. Bienvenues-Batard Montrachet
118
Which AOC produces 99% white wines that are powerful and meaty with hints of marzipan, golden apple, warm butter, toasted almond and honey. It has less than one hectare of Pinot Noir in the ground.
Puligny-Montrachet AOC
119
According to French author Alexandre Dumas (the three musketeers) which wine should be "drunk kneeling with one's hat off"?
Montrachet
120
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Chassagne-Montrachet?
19 1er cru, 3 grand cru
121
What are the 3 Grand cru's of Chassagne-Montrachet?
1. Montrachet
2. Batard- Montrachet
3. Criots-Batard- Montrachet
122
Which AOC shares two grand cru's with Puligny. Its whites are powerful and meaty with hints of apple, honey and toasted nuts. Its reds are redolent with aromas of Kirsch, blackcurrant and underbrush. As the reds age they pick up notes of leather and fur.
Chassganee-Montrachet AOC
123
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Saint-Aubin?
16 1er cru, 0 grand cru
124
Which AOC produces significant amounts of both white (61%) and red (39%) but is noted for its whites. They possess a bracing acidity and pronounced minerality. The reds are hallmarked by delicate tannins and raspberry-cherry aromas
Saint-Aubin AOC
125
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Santenay?
11 1er cru, 0 grand cru
126
Which AOC and its 1er crus are mostly red. They possess many of the same flavours as red Chassagne but package them in a more delicate robe of tannin?
Santenay AOC
127
How many 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites are there in Marangues?
7 1er cru, 0 grand cru
128
Which AOC is the southernmost appellation in the Cote de Beaune. They possess many of the same flavours as red Chassagne but package them in a more delicate robe of tannin?
Marangues AOC
129
Cote de Beaune Villages AOC wines are exclusively red or white?
Red - They are charactersed by firm tannins, firm acidity and red fruits. They need time in bottle to mellow and mature.
130
Which appellations are NOT allowed to label their wines as Cotes de Beaune Villages AOC
Beaune, Aloxe-Corton, Pommard and Volnay
131
Which region lies to the south of the Cote de Beaune, north of the Macconais. To its east is the Saone River and its west is the wine region of Couchois?
The Cote Chalonnaise
132
TRUE OR FALSE
| Red, white, rose and sparkling wine is permitted in the Cote Chalonnaise?
True - The reds are firm and full bodied with substantial tannin; the whites are well balanced and are hallmarked by aromas of white flowers and ripe apple fruit.
133
Which grapes are permitted in the Cote Chalonnaise?
Chardonnay, Aligote (Bouzeron AOC), PInot Noir, Gamay (incorporated into Coteaux Bourguignons and Passe-Tout Grains, two regional AOCs)
134
What is the soil type in Cote Chalonnaise?
Limestone & Marl
135
What are the principle villages from north to south in the Cote Chalonnaise? (5)
1. Bouzeron
2. Rully
3. Mercurey
4. Givry
5. Montagny
136
Which AOC is the Cote Chalonnaise has 0 1er or grand cru sites?
Bouzeron AOC
137
Aligote is famed in which Cote Chalonnaise AOC?
Bouzeron AOC
138
Which Cote Chalonnaise AOC is known for its Cremant de Bourgogne production made according to the classic or traditional method?
Rully
Its whites are soft and generous, its reds are subtle in tannin and highly aromatic with cherry and blackcurrant.
139
How many premier crus are there in Rully?
23
140
How many premier crus are there in Mercurey?
31
141
Most of Mercurey's production is white or red?
Red
142
Which AOC in the Cote Chalonnaise has reds charactersised by chalky tannins and firm acidity coupled with hints of strawberries, cherry and underbrush. The whites are full bodied and broad across the palate with hints of toasted bread and dried apple
Mercurey AOC
143
How many premier crus are there in Givry?
26
144
Which Cote Chalonnaise AOC produces mostly red wine that have firm but polished tannins and intense berry fruit. The whites hint of almond and apple.
Givry AOC
145
How many premier crus are there in Montagny?
49
146
Which Cote Chalonnaise village produces white AOC wines which are medium bodied with moderate acidity and possess delicate mineral undertones coupled with notes of hazelnut and fern
Montagny
147
The red wines of the Maconnais are made from which grape?
Gamay
148
The whites of the Maconnais are known for their fruitiness and their distinctive aromas of?
Hawthorn and acacia blossom
149
TRUE OR FALSE
| The Maconnais represents the smallest vineyard area in Burgundy?
False - it is the largest
150
The Maconnais climate is influenced by which sea?
The Mediterranean
151
TRUE OR FALSE
| The growing season is cold in the Maconnais?
False - sunshine is abundant and temperatures can get quite warm resulting in riper grapes with more pronounced fruit aromas and flavours
152
Which grape varieties are permitted in the Maconnais?
Chardonnay, Aligote, Pinot Noir (only allowed for the Macon AOC) and Gamay
153
What is the only region in Burgundy where the granite and schist soils of Beaujolais appear?
The Maconnais
It also contains Limestone and Marl
154
In the Maconnais, 85% of vineyards are planted to which grape varietal?
Chardonnay
155
How many red or rose villages are in the Maconnais?
None - Red or rose wines are labeled Macon, Macon Superieur, or Macon + the name of one of the 20 wine producing villages
156
What are the 3 principal villages of the Maconnais?
1. Pouilly-Fuisse
2. Saint-Veran
3. Vire- Clesse
157
What is the vinous flagship AOC of the Maconnais which lies within a topographical bowl of starfish limestone?
Pouilly-Fuisse AOC - it produces wines with delicate fruit and floral aromas wrapped around a solid core of minerality
158
Which Maconnais AOC was once sold as Beaujolais Blanc grows Chardonnay and makes soft, quaffable wines for everyday drinking?
Saint-Veran AOC
159
Which is the newest Maconnais AOC that produces ripe, fruit forward Chardonnays that hint of soft Golden Delicious apple.
Vire-Clesse
160
What are Negociants?
Companies that purchase grapes or wine from growers who do not have the inclination to bottle and market their own wine.
161
Is acidification and chapterlization permitted in Burgundy?
Yes - but you cannot do both to the same wine.
162
TRUE OR FALSE
| Most Burgundian producers use new oak barrels
False - most use old oak so as not to impart noticeable wood tannins to the finished product.
