Bulk Transport

Question 1

Process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle.

Answer 1

ENDOCYTOSIS

Question 2

Endocytosis is important for plasma membrane homeostasis, modulation of signal transduction, drug delivery, pathogen entry, and nutrient uptake

Answer 2

IMPORTANCE OF ENDOCYTOSIS

Question 3

is important for plasma membrane homeostasis, modulation of signal transduction, drug delivery, pathogen entry, and nutrient uptake

Answer 3

Endocytosis

Question 4

Types of endocytosis:

Answer 4

Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis

Question 5

(literally, “cell drinking”)

Answer 5

Pinocytosis

Question 6

is a form of endocytosis in which a cell takes in small amounts of extracellular fluid.

Answer 6

Pinocytosis

Question 7

Cell eating

Answer 7

Phagocytosis

Question 8

Takes in larger substances (bacteria)

Answer 8

Phagocytosis

Question 9

also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Answer 9

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME)

Question 10

is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, other proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of plasma membrane vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being absorbed (endocytosis).

Answer 10

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME)

Question 11

a molecule that binds to another (usually larger) molecule.

Answer 11

LIGAND

Question 12

Receptor-mediated endocytosis was discovered by——— and ———-, who were investigating the internalization of cholesterol by cells from the bloodstream.

Answer 12

Michael Brown
Joseph Goldstein

Question 13

What did Micheal Brown and Joseph Goldstein discover?

Answer 13

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 14

Brown and Goldstein won the Nobel Prize in medicine in ——— for their discovery.

Answer 14

1985

Question 15

———, a type of lipid , is insoluble and is transported in the bloodstream bound to protein in particles called low density lipoproteins (LDL).

Answer 15

Cholesterol

Question 16

Cholesterol, a type of lipid , is insoluble and is transported in the bloodstream bound to protein in particles called.

Answer 16

low density lipoproteins (LDL)

Question 17

allows cells to take up specific macromolecules called ligands, such as proteins that bind insulin (a hormone), transferrin (an iron-binding protein), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol carriers.

Answer 17

RME

Question 18

requires specific membrane receptors that recognize a particular ligand and bind to it.

Answer 18

RME

Question 19

Process by which cells release particles from within the cell into the extracellular space.

Answer 19

Exocytosis

Question 20

is a vital process that allows cells to secrete waste substances, as well as molecules such as hormones and proteins.

Answer 20

Exocytosis

Question 21

It is also the method used to build up and incorporate lipids and proteins into the cell membrane.

Answer 21

Exocytosis

Question 22

Importance of Exocytosis:

Answer 22

1. Constitutive Exocytosis
2. Regulated Exocytosis
3. Involvement of lysosomes

Question 23

Involves the regular secretion of molecules that is performed by all cells.

Answer 23

Constitutive exocytosis

Question 24

Relies on the presence of extracellular signals for the expulsion of materials within vesicles.

Answer 24

Regulated exocytosis

Question 25

——- occurs commonly in secretory cells and not in all cell types.

Answer 25

Regulated Exocytosis

Question 26

This pathway serves to deliver membrane proteins and lipids to the cell’s surface and to expel substances to the cell’s exterior.

Answer 26

Constitutive Exocytosis

Question 27

These organelles contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials, microbes, and cellular debris.

Answer 27

Involvement of lysosomes

Question 28

carry their digested material to the cell membrane where they fuse with the membrane and release their contents into the extracellular matrix.

Answer 28

Lysosomes