Building blocks of life Flashcards

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1
Q

All living things are made up of ….

A

Cells

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2
Q

unicellular means

A

a single celled organism such as bacteria

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3
Q

multicellular means

A

an organism made up of more than one cell….such as animlas or plants

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4
Q

Chloroplast

A

a part of the plant cell where photosynthesis takes place

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5
Q

chlorophyll

A

contained in the chloroplasts and makes them green

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6
Q

cytoplasm

A

the fluid inside the plant and animal cell

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7
Q

Membrane

A

The outer edge of an animal cell

The second layer of a plant cell (inside the cell wall)

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8
Q

Nucleus

A

Found in both plant and animal cells and contains the DNA of the organism

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9
Q

mitochondria

A

found in both plant and animals cells and is powerstation of each cell

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10
Q

Vacuole

A

found in both plant and animals cells but much bigger in plant cells

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11
Q

what is respiration?

A

respiration is when cells burn sugar to make energy releasing carbon dioxide

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12
Q

What is photosynthesis ?

A

Occurs in plant cells which take carbon dioxide and sunlight and turn it into sugars.

occurs in the chloroplasts

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13
Q

name the following parts of a compound light microscope

A
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14
Q

organelle

A

specialized structures within a living cell.

such as

  • the mitochondria
  • chloroplast
  • nucleus
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15
Q

asexual

A

A process where one cell divides to produce two identical cells

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16
Q

reproduction

A

The process were new cells are made .

17
Q

cellular division

A

The process were cell make new cells. Can be asexual or sexual divison

18
Q

Measurement

(mm) and (µm) are both used in measurement, what do they stand for?

how many of each occur in a metre

A

(mm) millimetre 1000

(µm) micrometre 1000 000

19
Q

Name three differences between a plant cell and animal cell

A
  1. plant cells have a cell wall
  2. plant cells have chloroplasts and produce sugars through photosynethesis
  3. palnt cells often have large vacuoles
20
Q

Name three similarities between plant and animlas cells

A
  1. both have nuclui
  2. both have cell membranes
  3. both have mitochondria
21
Q

Who when looking down a simple microscope labelled the “small rooms’ he viewed as “Cells”

A

Robert Hooke

22
Q

What improvements were made to optical microscopes in the middle of the 19th century? and 20th century

A
  1. by using blue light
  2. specialist dyes to stain tissue
  3. lens manufacture
23
Q

what is word equation for cellular respiration?

A

glucose (sugar)+ oxygen– — water+ carbon dioxide + energy

24
Q

What organisms do not have a nucleus?

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. cyanobacteria
25
Q

Outline the steps to prepare a wet mount.

A
  1. place tissue on the slide and cover with 2-3 drops of distilled water.
  2. coverslip is lowered on tissue
  3. a drop stain added to one ned of slide
  4. using filter paper stain in drawn over the slide.
26
Q

What is cellular respiration

A

When chemical energy in food is turned into power for various processes in our bodies. It occurs in the mitochondria.

27
Q

List some advantages of using modelling

A
  1. helps us understand and remember
  2. Makes thinking visible
  3. use familar things to represent new things
  4. simplifies things
  5. kinesthetic learning
28
Q

What is the order of the following terms

tissues , body systems, cells, multicullar organisms, organs

A

Cells , tissues, organs, body systems, multicelluar organisms

29
Q

Name three types of tissues?

A
  1. heart tissue
  2. muscle tissue
  3. brain tissue
30
Q

Nmae three types of body systems?

A
  1. respiratory systems (lungs, throat etc)
  2. circulartory system (heart, veins, blood)
  3. digestive systems (stomach, intestines etc)
31
Q

Outline the structure of a root

A

root cap on the very tip

root hairs on the outside

32
Q

Name two parts of plants stem?

A
  1. Phloem - sugars
  2. xylem - water

For the movement of sugars and water

33
Q

Name as many parts of a flower as you can

A
34
Q
A