Building blocks of life Flashcards
All living things are made up of ….
Cells
unicellular means
a single celled organism such as bacteria
multicellular means
an organism made up of more than one cell….such as animlas or plants
Chloroplast
a part of the plant cell where photosynthesis takes place
chlorophyll
contained in the chloroplasts and makes them green
cytoplasm
the fluid inside the plant and animal cell
Membrane
The outer edge of an animal cell
The second layer of a plant cell (inside the cell wall)
Nucleus
Found in both plant and animal cells and contains the DNA of the organism
mitochondria
found in both plant and animals cells and is powerstation of each cell
Vacuole
found in both plant and animals cells but much bigger in plant cells
what is respiration?
respiration is when cells burn sugar to make energy releasing carbon dioxide
What is photosynthesis ?
Occurs in plant cells which take carbon dioxide and sunlight and turn it into sugars.
occurs in the chloroplasts
name the following parts of a compound light microscope
organelle
specialized structures within a living cell.
such as
- the mitochondria
- chloroplast
- nucleus
asexual
A process where one cell divides to produce two identical cells
reproduction
The process were new cells are made .
cellular division
The process were cell make new cells. Can be asexual or sexual divison
Measurement
(mm) and (µm) are both used in measurement, what do they stand for?
how many of each occur in a metre
(mm) millimetre 1000
(µm) micrometre 1000 000
Name three differences between a plant cell and animal cell
- plant cells have a cell wall
- plant cells have chloroplasts and produce sugars through photosynethesis
- palnt cells often have large vacuoles
Name three similarities between plant and animlas cells
- both have nuclui
- both have cell membranes
- both have mitochondria
Who when looking down a simple microscope labelled the “small rooms’ he viewed as “Cells”
Robert Hooke
What improvements were made to optical microscopes in the middle of the 19th century? and 20th century
- by using blue light
- specialist dyes to stain tissue
- lens manufacture
what is word equation for cellular respiration?
glucose (sugar)+ oxygen– — water+ carbon dioxide + energy
What organisms do not have a nucleus?
- Bacteria
- cyanobacteria
Outline the steps to prepare a wet mount.
- place tissue on the slide and cover with 2-3 drops of distilled water.
- coverslip is lowered on tissue
- a drop stain added to one ned of slide
- using filter paper stain in drawn over the slide.
What is cellular respiration
When chemical energy in food is turned into power for various processes in our bodies. It occurs in the mitochondria.
List some advantages of using modelling
- helps us understand and remember
- Makes thinking visible
- use familar things to represent new things
- simplifies things
- kinesthetic learning
What is the order of the following terms
tissues , body systems, cells, multicullar organisms, organs
Cells , tissues, organs, body systems, multicelluar organisms
Name three types of tissues?
- heart tissue
- muscle tissue
- brain tissue
Nmae three types of body systems?
- respiratory systems (lungs, throat etc)
- circulartory system (heart, veins, blood)
- digestive systems (stomach, intestines etc)
Outline the structure of a root
root cap on the very tip
root hairs on the outside
Name two parts of plants stem?
- Phloem - sugars
- xylem - water
For the movement of sugars and water
Name as many parts of a flower as you can
