Bugs

Question 1

Herpesviridae

Answer 1

icosahedral, enveloped, dsDNA

Question 2

What viruses does the herpesviridae class contain?

Answer 2

HSV1 - herpes simplex 1, VZV- varicella-zoster: multi-nucleated host cell, lies dormant in nerve cells, suppress cell-mediated immune response

HSV2 - herpes simplex 2: cervical cancer, forms inclusion bodies

EBV - epstein-barr: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma

Question 3

Adenoviridae

Answer 3

icosahedral, naked, dsDNA

Types vary based on oncogenic potential, secrete toxic fibers, spread from respiratory to GI tract

Question 4

Hepadnaviridae

Answer 4

Icosahedral, enveloped, partially dsDNA (replicates through an RNA intermediate) – uses reverse transcriptase

Hep B – hepatocellular carcinoma, X protein interacts with p53 oncogene

Question 5

Paroviridae

Answer 5

Icosahedral, naked, tiny ssDNA

Question 6

Poxviridae

Answer 6

complex, enveloped, dsDNA

Smallpox - replicate in cytosol, brings with own replication machinery, synthesize own envelope

Question 7

Picornaviridae

Answer 7

Icosahedral, naked, + ssRNA

Polio, Hep A - synthesize polypeptides that are cleaved by viral proteases, spread via fecal-oral route

Question 8

Rhabdoviridae

Answer 8

helical, enveloped, - ssRNA

Rabies - virus spreads via nerve fibers to Brain, forms inclusion bodies (negri bodies), spread by animal bite

Question 9

Orthomyxovirdae

Answer 9

Helical, enveloped, segmented - ssRNA (replicates in nucleus)

Influenza - respiratory tract infection

Question 10

Retroviridae

Answer 10

Icosahedral, enveloped, + ssRNA (replicate in nucleus)

HIV - slow persistence
HTL virus - adult T cell leukemia via viral transcriptional activation

Question 11

Reoviridae

Answer 11

Icosahedral, naked, dsDNA

Rotavirus - segmented genome, form toxic proteins

Question 12

Streptococcus

Answer 12

• produce lactic acid
• cytotoxic
• gram-positive
• no catalase

Question 13

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 13

IDs: capsulated, IgA protease, a-hemolysis

degrades IgA to adhere to mucous membranes

Question 14

Streptococcus viridans

Answer 14

IDs: glycocalyx, a-hemolysis

heart valve damage

Question 15

Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 15

‘Strep’ throat
IDs: collagenase, hyaluronidase, M protein

b-hemolysis

Question 16

Staphlococcus

Answer 16

• gram-positive
• destroy neutrophils and macrophages via leukocidins (A protein)
• a-toxins form pores
• use catalase

Question 17

Staphlococcus aureus

Answer 17

IDs: coagulase, DNAase, Protein A (antiphagocytic, bnids IgG)

Exotoxin binds K channels, only gram-positive bacteria with PAIs