buffer and henderson-hasselbalch equation

Question 1

Most brands of antifreeze contain

Answer 1

ethylene glycol
✔sweet taste
✔initial effect drunkenness

Question 2

ethylene glycol is metabolized in the liver to

Answer 2

glycolic acid

Question 3

Why Is Glycolic Acid Toxic?

Answer 3

overwhelms the buffering ability of the HCO3− in the blood, causing the blood pH to drop

Question 4

acidosis

Answer 4

When the blood pH is low, its ability to carry O2 is compromised

Question 5

treatment for acidosis

Answer 5

give the patient ethyl alcohol, which has a higher affinity for the enzyme that catalyzes the metabolism of ethylene glycol

Question 6

solutions that resist changes in pH
when an acid or base is added

Answer 6

buffers

Question 7

how do buffers act

Answer 7

neutralizing acid or base that is
added to the buffered solution

Question 8

Many buffers are made by mixing a solution of a ___ with a solution of ___ containing its ___

Answer 8

weak acid, soluble salt, conjugate base anion

Question 9

added acid reacts with the __ to make more __
added base reacts with the __ to make more __

Answer 9

A-, HA

HA, A-

Question 10

Buffers can also be made by mixing a ___, (B:), with a ___ of its ___

Answer 10

weak base, soluble salt, conjugate acid

Question 11

amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize

Answer 11

buffering capacity

Question 12

pH range the buffer can be effective

Answer 12

buffering range

Question 13

The effectiveness of a buffer depends on two factors

Answer 13

(1) the relative amounts of acid and base, and (2) the absolute concentrations of acid and base

Question 14

A buffer will be most effective when the

Answer 14

+largest mol