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RELIGIOUS STUDIES > Budhism RE > Flashcards

Budhism RE Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of worship ?

A

Buddhist worship is called puja and it is an opportunity for Buddhists to show respect and gratitude to the Buddhas teachings . It helps them deepen there understanding and shows there committed to the Buddha to absorb the teachings more deeply .

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2
Q

What are the types of meditation ?

A 
Chanting 
Mantra recitation 
Meditation 
Zara's and walking meditation 
Vipassana  meditation
Samantha meditation
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3
Q

What is chanting worship ?

A

Before there was technology Buddhists had to memorise there teachings and chanting them . They still chant sacred texts , this is called devotional practice and helps them be more repetitive towards the Buddha so it keeps a calm and concentrated mind .

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4
Q

What’s mantra recitation worship?

A

A sequence of sacred syllables which are changed over and over again . They can be used in meditation to focus their minds and are often used to call the spiritual qualities of the Buddha . Often used by Theravada Buddhists .

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5
Q

What is meditation worship ?

A

Another type of meditation is loving kindness meditation and aims to develop a sense of compassion towards yourself and others . Before the meditation they recite verses to praise the three refuges . In Theravada Buddhism they also recite the 5 precepts . The person who is meditating brings there attention to physical sensations if their mind wonders else were they simply return to physical experience .

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6
Q

What is Samantha meditation worship ?

A

Samantha means calming and allows for a more calmer mind . One way to perform this meditation is through mindfulness and breathing . Breathing is something we do not think about but mindfulness is about being more aware of your breathing and tiny movements you make . Although breathing is a popular focus for meditation , ie, if a Buddhists focuses on a red dot it gives them an opportunity to rest all there attention on something and to stop there mind wondering .

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7
Q

What is vipassna mediation worship ?

A

Often called insight meditation . The aim is to try and gain insight and to show things really . It helps Buddhists show things are characterised by the the three marks of existence to aim to get greater wisdom in the world .

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8
Q

What is zazen and walking meditation worship ?

A

Japanese word which means seated meditation , part of zen meditation . Enables deeper understanding of the nature of existence . It’s starts with breathing meditation and sits within awareness of present notice some Buddhists may meditate whilst walking however it’s is not just the case of walking it is the case of walking around which is an element of mindfulness . It is not about exercising it is about gaining total awareness .

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9
Q

Beliefs

What is the Nivarna ?

A

It is a place you go after you have been enlightened and escape the circle of samsara . The Buddha says when you have reached the nivarna you can really see how the world is and wake up to reality . Accepting the four noble truths . When the individual who has the reached the nivarna dies then they will not be reborn .

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10
Q

Beliefs

Whats the argument sides for reaching the nivarna?

A

Some Buddhists believe that when Individuals are enlightened they have a choice to become reborn and help others .
Other Buddhists believe that when nivarna is achieved the cycle of samsara and all suffering and further existence for the individual will end .

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11
Q

Beliefs
THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE.
what does Anica mean?

A

Buddhists believe it means impermanence , and the Buddha taught people that it means everything in the world is changing .

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12
Q

Beliefs
THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE
What does Anatta mean?

A

It means nothing stays the same and has no permanent setting . It refers to a person not being permanent.

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13
Q

Beliefs
THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE
What does dukkah mean?

A

It means suffering and dissatisfaction meaning the Buddhists aim to to reduce suffering to themselves showing them to have the right action and intention .

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14
Q

Beliefs

What are the three watches ?

A
  • Siddartha gained knowledge of all previous lives.
  • He realised the concept of samsara ( you live , you die . A person is reborn depending on there karma).
  • He came to understand why suffering happens and how to overcome it,(THE MIDDLE WAY).
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15
Q

Beliefs

What is the teaching of the Dhama?

A

” My teaching is not a philosophy it is a result of my direct experience…..”
( The way he met the Dhama was from his experience and not following anyone else’s,there isn’t a sett plan to reach enlightenment and the Dhama.)
“My teaching is a mean of practise , not something to hold onto or worship”
(He practiced his way.)
“My teaching is like using a raft used to cross a river “
( He helps guide people to reach enlightenment. )
“Only a fool would carry the raft around after he had already reached the other shore of liberation”
(Share your experience with other people and guide them.)

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16
Q

Beliefs

What are the three jewels?

A
  • The Buddha
  • The Dhama
  • The sangha ( monks and nuns )
    They believe that the refuges are incredibly important and are only sighted before a gathering .
17
Q

Beliefs
DEPENDENT ARISING
What do the six relms represent?

A 
They represent 
- Hell
-Human 
-Ghost 
-Animal 
-God 
-Titan relms 
They are the things you get born into in your afterlife , IE If you get good karma you get placed in a good relm and turned into something good , however if you get bad karma you are placed into a bad relm and turned into something bad .
18
Q

Beliefs
DEPENDENT ARISING
What are the 12 niddarnas?

A

They represent the teachings of the Buddha .

19
Q

Beliefs
DEPENDENT ARISING
What is the animal placed around the circle( Mara)?.

A

He does not want anyone to become enlightened .

20
Q

Beliefs
DEPENDENT ARISING
Why is the Buddha placed outside the circle?

A

He has reached enlightenment .

21
Q

Beliefs
DEPENDENT ARISING
What is in the middle of the circle?

A

-Greed
-Ignorance
-Jealousy
They keep on happening that’s why they are placed in the middle of the circle.

22
Q

Beliefs

Name 2 beliefs on dependent arising?

A
  • If you get good karma you are placed in a good relm and if you get bad karma you are placed in a bad relm .
  • They are dependent on the six relms since if you are in a human relm you have a higher chance of being enlightened .
23
Q

Beliefs

What are the four noble truths?

A
  • The existence of suffering
  • The cause of suffering
  • The end of suffering
  • The cure for suffering
24
Q

Beliefs
FOUR NOBLE TRUTH’S
what is the existence of suffering?

A

There all types of suffering - mental and physical. According to the Buddha it can mean much more since we do not get our own way all of the time so there for we suffer in that way . When you cannot see suffering from the outside they may suffer inside . Some people find this pessimistic however the Buddha finds it neither since his teaching say suffering has a solution .

25
Q

Beliefs
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS
what is the cause of suffering?

A

Everyday day trouble seem to be identify able wether it’s a pain from an injury or grieving over a loved one. The Buddha found the reason for the cause of suffering and it is much more deeply rooted than immediate worries.
(THREE POISONS)

26
Q

Beliefs
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS
What is the end of suffering?

A

The way to extinguish desire which was the cause of suffering was that he was a life example and is possible in a whole lifetime. (The nivarna means reaching enlightenment).

27
Q

Beliefs
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS
What is the cure of suffering?

A

The eight fold path is also called the middle way which avoids indulgence and severe ascetism neither of which the Buddha found helpful for him to reach enlightenment.

28
Q

Beliefs

What is arhat pure land Buddhism?

A

For Theravada Buddhists it someone who has been enlightened

29
Q

Beliefs

What is bodhisattva pure land Buddhism?

A

For Mahayana Buddhists it is someone who has become enlightened but chose to remain in the cycle of samsara to help others reach enlightenment.

30
Q

Beliefs

What is pure land Buddhism?

A

A Mahayana form of Buddhism is based on the belief on the amitabha Buddha.

31
Q

Beliefs

What is the amitabha Buddha?

A

The Buddha who is worshipped by pure land Buddhists .

32
Q

Beliefs

What is sukhavati?

A

The paradise were amitabha Buddha lives and were the pure land Buddhists aim to be reborn .

33
Q

Beliefs

What are Theravada Buddhists?

A
  • It is the oldest school in Buddhism.
  • It has set rules which means they are in a sett uniform to worship and the way they approach life, it is very strict .
  • They believe ordination is very important and will show respect and refuge to the Buddha .
  • They do not see the Buddha as a god , they see him as a historical figure.
  • They devote there life to becoming enlightened .
  • They do not have a sexual relationship and they are not offensive .
34
Q

Beliefs

What are Mahayana Buddhists?

A
  • They believe the Buddha is a very big part of there lives .
  • They believe he can be seen throughout there visions and meditations so he can change himself in different forms .
  • Suhyatd links to the Annata and mean emptiness.
  • All living things and non living things rely on something else since they can’t work Independently.
35
Q

What are arhat Buddhists?

THERAVADA

A

It’s means they are a perfected person.
This mean they have overcome the causes of suffering (THE THREE POISONS) to achieve enlightenment.
It means they will not be reborn when they die.
They have broken out of the shell of samsara.
They believe someone can become an arhat by following the 8 fold path my concentrating on wisdom , morality , meditation .
Whilst the Buddha was still alive many of the Buddha disciples became arhats.

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