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GCSE Religious Studies > Buddhist Definitions > Flashcards

Buddhist Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Amitabha Buddha?

A

The Buddha worshipped by Pure Land Buddhists

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2
Q

What is Anatta?

A

no-self/no permanent identity

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3
Q

What is Anicca?

A

impermanence

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4
Q

What is Arhat?

A

One who has become enlightened; the ideal type for Theravada Buddhism

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5
Q

What is ascetic?

A

someone who gives up worldly pleasures to pursue a religion

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6
Q

What is a Bodhisattva?

A

a person who is able to reach nirvana but delays doing so out of compassion in order to save suffering beings.

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7
Q

What is a Buddha?

A

enlightened one

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8
Q

What is a Buddha rupa?

A

A statue of the Buddha, often sitting cross-legged in a meditation pose

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9
Q

What is Buddhahood?

A

When someone achieves enlightenment and becomes a Buddha

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10
Q

What is chanting?

A

Reciting from the Buddhist scriptures

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11
Q

What is dependent arising?

A

The idea that all things arise in dependence upon conditions

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12
Q

What is Dhamma (Dharma)?

A

Buddha’s teachings

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13
Q

What is Dukkha?

A

Suffering

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14
Q

What is Engaged Buddhism?

A

Buddhist movement that intertwines traditional mindfulness practice with active civil disobedience

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15
Q

What is ethics (sila)?

A

A section of threefold way that emphasises the importance of skilful action as the basis for spiritual progress

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16
Q

What is a festival?

A

A day or period of celebration for religious reasons

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17
Q

What is a Gompa?

A

A hall or building where Tibetan Buddhists meditate

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18
Q

What is greed?

A

Selfish desire for something

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19
Q

What is Jataka?

A

The Jataka tales are popular stories about the lives of the Buddha

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20
Q

what is kamma/karma?

A

A persons actions, good (skilful) actions result in happiness and unskillful ones result in suffering

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21
Q

What is karuna?

A

compassion

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22
Q

What is Magga?

A

The path to end suffering

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23
Q

What is Mahayana Buddhism?

A

Newer form of Buddhism, more varied, incorporates ideas from other religions, others support is necessary to reach Nirvana; Spread to Japan, China, Tibet, and Korea

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24
Q

What is Mala?

A

Prayer beads that are used to count the number of recitations in a mantra

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25
Q

What is mandala?

A

An intricate, colourful, sacred circle-shaped pattern

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26
Q

What is mantra?

A

A short sequence of sacred syllables

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27
Q

What is Mara?

A

A demon that represents spiritual obstacles, especially temptation

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28
Q

What is mediation?

A

A practice of calming and focusing the mind and reflect deeply on specific teaching to penetrate their true meaning

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29
Q

What is mediation (samadhi)?

A

A section of threefold way that emphasises the role of mediation in the process of spiritual development

30
Q

What is metta?

A

loving kindness

31
Q

What is mindfulness of breathing?

A

A meditation practice focusing on the experience of breathing

32
Q

What is a monastery (vihara)?

A

A place where Buddhist monks and nuns live

33
Q

What is Nibbana (Nirvana)?

A

A state of complete enlightenment, happiness and peace

34
Q

What is Nidanas?

A

12 factors that is illustrate the process of birth, death and rebirth

35
Q

What is Nirodha?

A

The truth of the end of suffering

36
Q

What is pali?

A

The language of the earliest Buddhist scriptures

37
Q

What is parinirvana day?

A

a Mahayana festival that commemorates the Buddha’s passing away

38
Q

What is puja?

A

the act of worship

39
Q

What is Pure Land Buddhism?

A

A Mahayana form of Buddhism based on belief in Amitabha Buddha

40
Q

What is retreat?

A

a period of time spent away from everyday life in order to focus on meditation practice

41
Q

What is Samatha meditation?

A

a type of meditation that involves calming the mind and developing a deeper concentration

42
Q

What is samsara?

A

the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth

43
Q

What is Samudaya?

A

The truth of the cause of suffering

44
Q

What is sanskrit?

A

The language used in later Indian Buddhist texts

45
Q

What is a shrine?

A

An area with a statue of a Buddha or Bodhisattva, which provides Buddhists with a focal point for meditation and devotion

46
Q

What is stupa?

A

A small building in a monastery that sometimes contains holy relics

47
Q

What is Sukhavati?

A

The paradise where Amitabha Buddha lives, and where Pure Land Buddhists aim to be reborn

48
Q

What is Sunyata?

A

emptiness

49
Q

What is Tanha?

A

Selfish desire, cravings

50
Q

What is temple?

A

A place where Buddhists come together to practice

51
Q

What is a thangka?

A

A detailed painting of a Buddha or Bodhisattva

52
Q

What is the eightfold path?

A

eight aspects that Buddhists practise and live by in order to achieve enlightenment

53
Q

What are the “five aggregates”?

A

The five aspects that make up a person

54
Q

What are the five ascetics?

A

The Buddhas first five students; five monks who followed ascetic practices

55
Q

What are five moral precepts?

A

The five basic rules that Buddhists always try to follow to live ethically and morally

56
Q

What is the Four Noble Truths?

A

These truths offer Buddhists a way to understand and overcome suffering.

57
Q

What are the four sights?

A

Old age, illness, death and a holy man

58
Q

What are the four sublime states?

A

The four qualities of love, compassion, sympathetic, joy and equanimity which the Buddha taught that Buddhists should develop

59
Q

What are the six perfections?

A

The six qualities or virtues that Mahayana Buddhist try to develop in order to live as Bodhisattva

60
Q

What are the three poisons?

A

greed, hatred, ignorance - main cause of suffering

61
Q

What are the three watches of the night?

A

The three realisations that the Buddha made in order to achieve enlightenment

62
Q

What is the threefold way?

A

The Eightfold Path grouped into the three sections of ethics, meditation and wisdom

63
Q

What is the Tibetan Wheel of Life?

A

An image that symbolises samsara, often found in Tibetan Buddhist monasteries and temples

64
Q

What is Theravada Buddhism?

A

school of elders - an ancient Buddhist tradition found in Southern Asia

65
Q

What is unskillful?

A

Bad, ethical actions or behaviour

66
Q

What is Vipassana meditation?

A

A type of meditation that involves developing understanding of the nature of reality.

67
Q

What is visualisation?

A

Imagining or ‘seeing’ an object in one’s mind

68
Q

What is Wesak?

A

A Theravada festival that celebrates the Buddha’s birth, enlightenment and passing away

69
Q

What is Wisdom (panna)?

A

A section of the threefold that deals with Buddhist approaches to understanding the nature of reality

70
Q

What is zazen meditation?

A

A type of meditation in Zen Buddhism that involves awareness of the present moment.

GCSE Religious Studies (5 decks)

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