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Comparative Theology > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

Siddhartha Gautama

A

-Raised in luxury, isolated, unhappy and unfulfilled
-Sees “Four Sights” during his first time leaving the house
-Renounces luxury at age 29
-Becomes religious mendicant

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2
Q

Four Sights

A
  1. An elderly person - aging
  2. A sick person - illness
  3. A dead person - death
  4. A religious mendicant - pursuit of happiness
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3
Q

The Enlightenment

A

-Siddhartha was sitting in meditation under a tree when he had a sudden awakening
-Taught Sangha
-those who heard him speak experienced enlightenment, gave up material lives, became monks and nuns
-Teaching = Dharma
- No gods worshipped
End goal is Nirvana - liberation from samsara

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4
Q

Four Noble Truths

A
  1. Life involved suffering (dukkha)
  2. Suffering is caused by craving
  3. Suffering ends when craving ends
  4. End suffering through Noble Eightfold Path
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5
Q

Life involves suffering

A

-illness, injury, death
-stop holding onto happiness or you will suffer more
-impossible to hold onto happiness forever

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6
Q

Suffering is caused by craving

A
  • Life is composed of constant and woven together experiences that give the illusion of an “I”
    -Once this illusion is realized, we can let go of attachments
    -Anitya - everything is impermanent
    -We are nothing but karma
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7
Q

Suffering ends when craving ends

A

-Nirvana - ultimate liberation, escaping samsara, still alive
-Free of attachment and craving. Break free of “self”
-Parinirvana - karma runs out, you “dissolve”

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8
Q

Noble Eightfold Path

A
  1. Right Understanding - comprehend reality through four noble truths
  2. Right thought - clear mind, no selfish desires
  3. Right speech - no lying, gossiping, harsh speaking
  4. Right action - avoid destroying life, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxication
  5. Right livelihood - live by 5 precepts (number 4)
  6. Right effort - eliminate impurities of the mind
  7. Right mindfulness - the cultivation of awareness
  8. Right Meditation - mental discipline, control mind restless nature
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9
Q

Theravada Buddhism

A

-“The way of the elders”
-View body as disgusting
-Minority of Buddhist
-Rejects the Lotus Sutra
-Samatha Meditation - calm-abiding
-Vipassana Meditation - Insight

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10
Q

Pali Cannon

A

-Theravada Buddhism
-The Tipitaka (“three baskets”)
- Sutra-pitaka, vinaya-pitaka, and abhidharma-pitaka

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11
Q

Triple Gems

A

-Theravada Buddhism
-Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha
-Look to buddha and honor him
-Refuge in dharma

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12
Q

The Arhant

A

-Theravada Buddhism
A monk or nun
-Only ones who know how to get to Nirvana

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13
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

-“great vehicle”
-Goal: remain engaged in society and still live a life of enlightenment

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14
Q

The Lotus Sutra

A

-Mahayana Buddhism
-“Skillful means” - communication that’s helpful/relevant to you
-Bodhisattva
-Buddha-Nature

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15
Q

Bodhisattva

A

-reaches Nirvana, rejects it, comes back to help the rest of us out of samsara

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16
Q

Buddha-Nature

A

-everyone can become a buddha, and no one is lost

17
Q

The Trikaya Doctrine

A

-Mahayana Buddhism
-3 bodies of Buddhism
-Dharma-kaya: eternal wisdom
-Nirmana-kaya: manifestation
-Sambogha-kaya” enjoyment

18
Q

Zen

A

-Mahayana Buddhism
-Meditation
-Sunyata meditation
-Koan Meditation
-Zazen Meditation
-Mind-to-Mind Transition

19
Q

Sunyata Meditation

A

emptiness, voidness, strip away karma

20
Q

Koan Meditation

A

-“Public case”
-Exhaust the mind through riddles

21
Q

Zazen Meditation

A

-Seated meditation
-focus on emptiness
-Keisaku - “warning stick”, focus on sting of slit to help you focus

22
Q

Mind-to-Mind transition

A

-Student smiles at zen maser who shares the dharma kai
-no communication
-endpoint of zen

23
Q

Kensho

A

momentary glimpse of reality

24
Q

Satori

A

full enlightenment in zen

25
Q

Pure land

A

-grounded in Amitabha Buddha - someone who reaches nirvana but rejects it
-say his name = guaranteed to live in pure world (in samsara)

26
Q

Nichiren

A

-Chanting name of lotus sutra
“glory to the dharma of the lotus sutra”

27
Q

Vajrayana (Tibetan) Buddhism

A

-“Diamond vehicle”
-Bodily oriented
-Simplistic in teaching
Taught by Lamas - lineage of teachers, wisdom teacher

28
Q

Dalai Lama

A

-Vajrayana (Tibetan) Buddhism
-return to share enlightenment with others
-Manifestation of bodhisava

29
Q

Bardo

A

-Vajrayana (Tibetan) Buddhism
-49 day period between death and rebirth
-Want a lucid death so you have the opportunity for enlightenment and you can control where and if you return

30
Q

Tibetan Book of the Dead

A
  • What you will experience as you die
    -Can’t perceive forms –> can’t hear –> can’t smell –> can’t taste/breath –> no consciousness
    -White light –> red light –> black light –> natural light of sky at dawn
31
Q

Deity Yoga

A

-Vajrayana (Tibetan) Buddhism
-the 3 M’s:
1. Mantras - sacred chants
2. Mudra’s - hand signals and gestures
3. Mandalas - sacred diagrams

32
Q

Ideas of Life and Death

A

-NIRVANA - liberation from samsara, life free of attachment
- Impermanent - ANITYA –> no “self”, “i”, or “ego”
- PARINIRVANA -

33
Q

Ideas of Life and Death

A

-NIRVANA - liberation from samsara, life free of attachment
- Impermanent - ANITYA –> no “self”, “i”, or “ego”
- PARINIRVANA - karma has run out, you “dissolve”
-SAMSARA- cycle of reincarnation
* Buddhism doesn’t believe in a permanent soul, only karma is reborn

34
Q

Legend of Ashoka

A

-beautiful eyes, dad’s first wife wrote a letter in his name for people to take out his eyes. His eyes were removed, wife and dad fainted at the sight of him. Bad karma because he was a hunter in a past life and blinded hundreds of gazelles. He gained the eyes of wisdom

Comparative Theology (4 decks)

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