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Bu121 > Bu121 Midterm > Flashcards

Bu121 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is Academic Integrity?

A

Acting in a way that is honest, fair, respectful, and responsible in studies/academic work

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2
Q

What are the 6 values of academic integrity?

A
  • Honesty
  • Trust
  • Fairness
  • Respect
  • Responsibility
  • Courage
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3
Q

What are the different types of academic misconduct?

A
  • Plagiarism
  • Cheating/Copying
  • Unauthorized collaboration
  • Falsification
  • Misrepresentation
  • Forging academic record
  • Impersonation
  • Unauthorized aids
  • Improper access
  • Obstruction
  • Distribution of IP
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4
Q

Plagiarisms of academic Misconduct from an indigenous lens?

A

Relationally: Acknowledge that all all knowledge in connected
Reciprocity: Relationship will be mutually beneficial, everyone values the knowledge they are creating and sharing
Respect: Explicit about whose story is being told, reflect on how your work represents different people

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5
Q

Competency - Professional Attributes

A
  • Range of skills and qualities that contribute to an individual’s success in a professional setting
  • Crucial for personal and career development
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6
Q

Competency - Adaptability

A

Reacts well, changes, and easily considers new approaches

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7
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of Gen AI?

A

Ubiquitous: It is everywhere in all disciplines
Undetectable: Cant detect its use
Transformative: It is going to change how we live

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8
Q

What is the difference between Gen AI and other search engines?

A

Gen AI: A collection of patterns
Search engines: A collection of Data

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9
Q

Prompts for AI

A
  1. Role and goal
  2. Give clear instructions
  3. Give examples
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10
Q

How can you be “the human” when using AI?

A
  • Ask AI to expand and edit its information
  • Integrate your own thinking, select strengths and revise weaknesses
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11
Q

What is critical thinking?

A

Question, analyze, make sense of something

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12
Q

3 characteristics of critical thinking

A

Self Aware: Reflective and aware of biases
Curious: Open to new perspectives, challenges ideas
Independent: Listen to others and have own ideas

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13
Q

3 different approaches to arguments

A

Follower: Blindly accepts arguments, does not assess reasoning
Cynic: Rejects all arguments, questions all reasoning
Healthy Septic: Assess arguments based on quality of reasoning and evidence

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14
Q

Why is critical thinking important?

A
  • Manage information overload
  • Improve understanding in business world
  • Improve performance
  • Evaluate implications of strategies
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15
Q

How can you use and improve critical thinking skills?

A
  • Accept that critical thinking is hard and takes time to develop
  • Practice for transfer
  • Map it out
  • Learn a balanced and practical amount of theory
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16
Q

Why do arguments make better strategies?

A

All great strategies start as arguments
Logical approach: How a companies resources and activities create and capture value and what needs to be true for the strategy to succeed

17
Q

How are strategy arguments constructed?

A

Constructive debate: Encourage arguing, establish rules of engagement to limit confirmation bias, change how people think, specify purpose around conversation
Interactive Visualization: Map/expose relationships between courses of actions and their outcomes
Logical Formalization: Test logic behind claims and ensure they are valid, reasonable - ensure cause and effect and use if then statements

18
Q

Key terms of AI

A

Hallucinations: Inaccuracy of outputs
Opacity: Not consistent or clear (sometimes very good, sometimes very bad)
Alignment: Ensuring system matches our needs

19
Q

Implications of AI

A

Develop digital literacy by recognizing and exhibiting the value and limitations of ethical use of gen AI

20
Q

Values and Limitations - Employment

A

Positives
- Increase quality of work
- Increase productivity/efficiency
Negatives
- Decrease re employment
- Reduce jobs

21
Q

Values and Limitations - Education

A

Positives
- Increase quality educations (tutors)
- Enhance human intelligence
Negatives
- Creates educational divide (not everyone has access)
- increases academic misconduct

22
Q

Values and Limitations - Media

A

Positives
- New authentications
- New revenue for data holders (sell data)
Negatives
- Potential for mis/dis information
- Accelerate problems

23
Q

Values and Limitations - Cybersecurity/IP

A

Positives
- Increase accessibility/speed innovation
- Ability to detect fraud
Negatives
- Increased risk for IP leaks, malware

24
Q

Values and Limitations - Diversity/Equity

A

Positives
- Increased diversity of leadership
Negatives
- Reinforce or worsen biases

25
Q

Values and Limitations - Creativity

A

Positives
-Privilege “proper english”
- Improve quality of natural ideas
Negatives
- Reduce “individual voice”

26
Q

What is evidence?

A

A statement that answers why a claim is true
- Statistics, anecdotes, past events etc

Claim without evidence = Opinion
Claim with evidence = Argument

27
Q

How do you find evidence?

A

Cue words
- Because, as a result, for example, studies show

28
Q

How is evidence assessed?

A

Accuracy - Credible
Precision - Numbers, quotes, not talking about irrelevant things
Sufficiency - A single piece of data is not enough
Representatives - whose Impacted/involved
Authority - Is this a expert opinion
Clarity of expression - Interpret the data for the reader, give meaning

29
Q

4 Evidence Based Practice

A

Do do:
- “Gut feel”
- Obsolete traditions
- Mimicking
- HIPPO (highest paid persons opinion)

Do:
- Scientific Literature (Empirical studies)
- Organizational (Internal data - historical)
- Stakeholders (values and concerns, not just looking at the leader)
- Practitioners (professional expertise)

30
Q

Misinformation vs Disinformation

A

Misinformation: Incorrect or misleading information
Disinformation: False information spread deliberately with intent

31
Q

Fallacies used to disinform

A

Hasty Generalization:Using data from a small demographic and applying it to a larger one - unrepresentative
Red Herring: Avoiding key issues by avoiding opposing arguments
Cherry picking: Only a select amount of evidence is presented, evidence that would go against the argument is withheld
False appeal to authority: Taking someones advice because they are an expert/famous/older etc
Argumentum ad populm: Bandwagon effect
Argumentum ad Hominum: An attack to the character of a person rather than their argument (Against the Man)
Argumentum ad Misericordim: Using emotion to prove an argument - it will benefit someone/stop hurting someone (Appeal to pity)

32
Q

Cognitive biases and blindspots

A
  • Belief preservation/confirmation bias
  • Seek evidence that supports what we believe and do not seek evidence that goes against it
  • rate evidence as good or bad
  • stick with our beliefs even in the face of overwhelming contrary evidence as long as we can find some support
    They avoid
  • Put effort into finding evidence that contradicts what you believe in
  • Wen analyzing evidence give extra attention to arguments that take an apposing view
  • Be willing to change your mind when the evidence is clear

Bu121 (2 decks)

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