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CHEM 1120 > bs1 > Flashcards

bs1 Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA stands for what?

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

DNA is a polymer and similar to proteins, how many different types of units can be linked together?

A

4 Units

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3
Q

This amount of units are found in all life within the DNA, these constitute a pattern on which codes for producing of living things.

A

4 Units

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4
Q

Inside the cell, the nucleus is found in two forms.

A

chromatin and histones.

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5
Q

Individual portions of the DNA that code for specific inheritance traits are called Genes.

A

Genes

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6
Q

During normal cell processes, it is a large tangle called chromatin.

A

chromatin

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7
Q

Chromatin is organized by histones, which are proteins that the DNA winds around.

A

histones

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8
Q

During preparation for cell division, DNA organizes itself into chromosomes (colored bodies).

A

chromosomes

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9
Q

How many chromosomes and pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

A

46 chromosomes (23 pairs);

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10
Q

RNA is an acronym which stands?

A

ribonucleic acid

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11
Q

RNA in cells consists of 4 different types of units, they typically functions as what types of strands? They are copied from sections of DNA, although shorter and usually contain the “blueprints” for building certain proteins.

A

RNA strands

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12
Q

This molecule contains a heterocyclic nitrogen base, connected to the β-N glycosidic linkage with a sugar (most likely ribose).

A

Nucleosides

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13
Q

This type of molecule is not a nucleosides, it is connected to a heterocyclic nitrogen base.

A

ribonucleosides

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14
Q

Adenine

A

Adenine

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15
Q

Guanine

A

Guanine

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16
Q

Cytosine

A

Cytosine

17
Q

Thyamine

A

Thyamine

18
Q

Uracil

A

Uracil

19
Q

This type of molecule is consists of a prune or pyrimidine base linked to a sugar. When this happens, it maybe be called by it’s particular base.

A

nucleoside. example: adenine nucleoside

20
Q

With a purine base, what is the suffix called? This indicates that the base is nucleoside due to a ribose.

A

Suffix: – osine

21
Q

With a pyrimidines base, what is the suffix called? This indicates the base has become a nucleoside.

A

Suffix: –idine

22
Q

If these amino acids are nucleoside with purine bases, then what will their name be? Adenine and guanine.

A

adenosine, guanosine

23
Q

If these amino acids are nucleoside with pyrimidine bases, then what will their name be? Cytosine, thymine and uracil.

A

cytidine,thymidine, uridine.

24
Q

If RNA stands is made of nucleotides, then which bases aren’t used? (just on)

A

thymine

25
Q

What position is the monophosphate attached to the ribose?

A

*blank* need to upload. 5’ = two sets of rings, and bases are higher priority.

26
Q

What is the name of this nucleotides? Remember, preserve ribonucleoside, the phosphate ends the suffix.

A

5’-monophosphate

27
Q

Nucleotides are often referred as ? (takes too long to write).

A

shorthand. The acronym start with first letter of nucleoside (A for adenosine), and ends in M(for mono) and P(for phosphate). Monophosphate.

28
Q

This molecule is a is the monomer, or single unit of something. What is it? deoxyribonucleotides.

A

DNA

29
Q

If one of the alcohol groups in ribs for the nucleotides in DNA is removed, will this molecule helps the cell distinguish between RNA and DNA ? And if it isn’t removed will it act as handles for portent to condense and organize RNA ?

A

Yes, yes, yes.

30
Q

What base does DNA not use?

A

uracil

31
Q

In what position is alcohol missing from deoxyribonucleotide and deoxyribonucleoside?

A

2’ position.

32
Q

The prefix –deoxy changes the nucleotide name, but what acronym is used in short hand? (it precedes the acronym for the nucleotide)

A

small d

33
Q

When nucleotides and deoxynucleotides connect together as polymers, what type of bond allows this?

A

phosphate ester bonds

CHEM 1120 (5 decks)

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