BS: Lesson 5 - Mechanical Equipment & Energy Codes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of mechanical plats

A

boilers and chillers refrigeration cycle heat pump

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2
Q

A heat pump is a ________________ in reverse?

A

refrigeration cycle

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3
Q

In what climate type should you use an evaporative cooler?

A

hot and arid or areas with low humidity

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4
Q

The refrigeration cycle uses low or high pressure to condense the gaseous fluid?

A

high pressure

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5
Q

In the refrigeration cycle, low or high pressure us used to cool the gaseous fluid and transfer the heat to the coils

A

low pressure

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6
Q

Name the five basic components of a refrigeration system.

A

Evaporator Compressor Condenser Expansion Valve Refrigerant

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7
Q

In terms of mechanical equipment, how is efficiency defined?

A

energy delivered / energy used

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8
Q

In terms of mechanical equipment, what is the coefficient of performance (COP) and what is the typical COP for mechanical systems?

A

energy delivered, including heat from outside / / energy used COP varies between 2 and 3, with 2.3 being common

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9
Q

Normal boilers and furnaces run at ___ efficiency

A

80%

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10
Q

1 Btu of energy can move how many Btus?

A

2 to 4 Btus

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11
Q

Heat pumps perform better in cold or hot climates?

A

hot

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12
Q

When would you use an electrical mechanical distribution system?

A

in very mild climates

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13
Q

Name the three mechanical distribution systems.

A

hyronic electrical forced air

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14
Q

In general, the minimum air changes per hour for all spaces is?

A

4

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15
Q

A heat pump is a ________________ in reverse?

A

refrigeration cycle

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16
Q

In what climate type should you use an evaporative cooler?

A

hot and arid or areas with low humidity

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17
Q

The refrigeration cycle uses low or high pressure to condense the gaseous fluid?

A

high pressure

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18
Q

In the refrigeration cycle, low or high pressure us used to cool the gaseous fluid and transfer the heat to the coils

A

low pressure

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19
Q

Name the five basic components of a refrigeration system.

A

Evaporator Compressor Condenser Expansion Valve Refrigerant

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20
Q

In terms of mechanical equipment, how is efficiency defined?

A

energy delivered / energy used

21
Q

In terms of mechanical equipment, what is the coefficient of performance (COP) and what is the typical COP for mechanical systems?

A

energy delivered, including heat from outside / / energy used COP varies between 2 and 3, with 2.3 being common

22
Q

Normal boilers and furnaces run at ___ efficiency

23
Q

1 Btu of energy can move how many Btus?

A

2 to 4 Btus

24
Q

Heat pumps perform better in cold or hot climates?

25
When would you use an electrical mechanical distribution system?
in very mild climates
26
Name the three mechanical distribution systems.
hyronic electrical forced air
27
In general, the minimum air changes per hour for all spaces is?
4
28
What type of mechanical system is best for a linear building with a central corridor and many different zones?
double duct or dual duct system
29
A multi-zone mechanical system is best for what type of buiding?
square box shape with few zones
30
Which mechanical system is the most efficient and has the advantage of heating and cooling?
fan coil system
31
Which mechanical system is the most common efficient system?
variable air volume (VAV) system
32
To heat and cool another room simultaneously, what type of mechanical system would you use?
double or dual duct system fan coil system
33
Note: In the various forced air mechanical systems, all of the air going to a given zone is the same temperature. The amount of heating or cool is delivered to the zone is determined by volume of air delivered.
n/a
34
In what building type would you use a unitary system?
a building that is spread out or when each zone required its own utility bill
35
Describe the process of induction.
when you deliver at high velocity a small amount of supply air to a box, mix it with the room air and deliver the new mixed air into the room
36
HEPA
high efficiency particulate arrestance
37
What are the 3 types of HVAC filters and what are they used for?
fibrous - similar to home filters used to remove dust and lint electrostatic - composed of 2 sets of charged plates and produces less resistance to air movement activated charcoal filters - used only when necessary, has significant resistance to air flow, removes odors and chemicals
38
In sizing the mechanical plant and duct sizing,, the architect needs to know what?
how much floor space the mech. equip take out how much space will the distribution system take in a building section
39
Although the space requirements vary, how much space is usually required for the mechanical system plant in a low rise and high rise building?
low-rise: 5-10% of the TOTAL floor area high-rise: every 15 - 20 floors
40
Sizing of the mechanical equipment is based on what?
design day and efficiency of the distribution system
41
1 ton = _____ Btu
12,000
42
In determining duct sizes for appropriate air velocities, what is the difference in using 300 fpm (feet per minute) or 2000 fpm?
300 fpm will produce quiet and barely noticeable air flow 2000 fpm and up, are best in large office buildings with vertical shafts
43
In duct sizing, if friction loss becomes excessive you should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
choose a larger duct size use a fans
44
In air duct sizing, how are air flow and velocity related?
air flow (in feet per minute) = average velocity (in SFPM) \* the cross-sectional area
45
ASHRAE 90-XX series energy standards suggests practices for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
external envelope HVAC equipment water heating equipment electrical distribution
46
Name 8 innovative technologies for energy sources.
groundwater aquifer cooling and heating (AETS) geothermal energy wind turbines photovoltaic fuel cells biogas small scale hydro ice storage cooling
47
The term *solar savings fraction* is used to what? - MEEB
Evaluate a building's solar heating performance. It is a measure (not a percentage) of the solar building's conservation advantage.
48
The two types of heat transfer process commonly used in mechanical equipment for buildigns are\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
compressive and absroption refrigeration cycles