BS: Lesson 5 - Mechanical Equipment & Energy Codes

Question 1

What are the 3 types of mechanical plats

Answer 1

boilers and chillers refrigeration cycle heat pump

Question 2

A heat pump is a ________________ in reverse?

Answer 2

refrigeration cycle

Question 3

In what climate type should you use an evaporative cooler?

Answer 3

hot and arid or areas with low humidity

Question 4

The refrigeration cycle uses low or high pressure to condense the gaseous fluid?

Answer 4

high pressure

Question 5

In the refrigeration cycle, low or high pressure us used to cool the gaseous fluid and transfer the heat to the coils

Answer 5

low pressure

Question 6

Name the five basic components of a refrigeration system.

Answer 6

Evaporator Compressor Condenser Expansion Valve Refrigerant

Question 7

In terms of mechanical equipment, how is efficiency defined?

Answer 7

energy delivered / energy used

Question 8

In terms of mechanical equipment, what is the coefficient of performance (COP) and what is the typical COP for mechanical systems?

Answer 8

energy delivered, including heat from outside / / energy used COP varies between 2 and 3, with 2.3 being common

Question 9

Normal boilers and furnaces run at ___ efficiency

Answer 9

80%

Question 10

1 Btu of energy can move how many Btus?

Answer 10

2 to 4 Btus

Question 11

Heat pumps perform better in cold or hot climates?

Answer 11

hot

Question 12

When would you use an electrical mechanical distribution system?

Answer 12

in very mild climates

Question 13

Name the three mechanical distribution systems.

Answer 13

hyronic electrical forced air

Question 14

In general, the minimum air changes per hour for all spaces is?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

A heat pump is a ________________ in reverse?

Answer 15

refrigeration cycle

Question 16

In what climate type should you use an evaporative cooler?

Answer 16

hot and arid or areas with low humidity

Question 17

The refrigeration cycle uses low or high pressure to condense the gaseous fluid?

Answer 17

high pressure

Question 18

In the refrigeration cycle, low or high pressure us used to cool the gaseous fluid and transfer the heat to the coils

Answer 18

low pressure

Question 19

Name the five basic components of a refrigeration system.

Answer 19

Evaporator Compressor Condenser Expansion Valve Refrigerant

Question 20

In terms of mechanical equipment, how is efficiency defined?

Answer 20

energy delivered / energy used

Question 21

In terms of mechanical equipment, what is the coefficient of performance (COP) and what is the typical COP for mechanical systems?

Answer 21

energy delivered, including heat from outside / / energy used COP varies between 2 and 3, with 2.3 being common

Question 22

Normal boilers and furnaces run at ___ efficiency

Answer 22

80%

Question 23

1 Btu of energy can move how many Btus?

Answer 23

2 to 4 Btus

Question 24

Heat pumps perform better in cold or hot climates?

Answer 24

hot

Question 25

When would you use an electrical mechanical distribution system?

Answer 25

in very mild climates

Question 26

Name the three mechanical distribution systems.

Answer 26

hyronic electrical forced air

Question 27

In general, the minimum air changes per hour for all spaces is?

Answer 27

4

Question 28

What type of mechanical system is best for a linear building with a central corridor and many different zones?

Answer 28

double duct or dual duct system

Question 29

A multi-zone mechanical system is best for what type of buiding?

Answer 29

square box shape with few zones

Question 30

Which mechanical system is the most efficient and has the advantage of heating and cooling?

Answer 30

fan coil system

Question 31

Which mechanical system is the most common efficient system?

Answer 31

variable air volume (VAV) system

Question 32

To heat and cool another room simultaneously, what type of mechanical system would you use?

Answer 32

double or dual duct system fan coil system

Question 33

Note: In the various forced air mechanical systems, all of the air going to a given zone is the same temperature. The amount of heating or cool is delivered to the zone is determined by volume of air delivered.

Answer 33

n/a

Question 34

In what building type would you use a unitary system?

Answer 34

a building that is spread out or when each zone required its own utility bill

Question 35

Describe the process of induction.

Answer 35

when you deliver at high velocity a small amount of supply air to a box, mix it with the room air and deliver the new mixed air into the room

Question 36

HEPA

Answer 36

high efficiency particulate arrestance

Question 37

What are the 3 types of HVAC filters and what are they used for?

Answer 37

fibrous - similar to home filters used to remove dust and lint electrostatic - composed of 2 sets of charged plates and produces less resistance to air movement activated charcoal filters - used only when necessary, has significant resistance to air flow, removes odors and chemicals

Question 38

In sizing the mechanical plant and duct sizing,, the architect needs to know what?

Answer 38

how much floor space the mech. equip take out how much space will the distribution system take in a building section

Question 39

Although the space requirements vary, how much space is usually required for the mechanical system plant in a low rise and high rise building?

Answer 39

low-rise: 5-10% of the TOTAL floor area high-rise: every 15 - 20 floors

Question 40

Sizing of the mechanical equipment is based on what?

Answer 40

design day and efficiency of the distribution system

Question 41

1 ton = _____ Btu

Answer 41

12,000

Question 42

In determining duct sizes for appropriate air velocities, what is the difference in using 300 fpm (feet per minute) or 2000 fpm?

Answer 42

300 fpm will produce quiet and barely noticeable air flow 2000 fpm and up, are best in large office buildings with vertical shafts

Question 43

In duct sizing, if friction loss becomes excessive you should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 43

choose a larger duct size use a fans

Question 44

In air duct sizing, how are air flow and velocity related?

Answer 44

air flow (in feet per minute) = average velocity (in SFPM) \* the cross-sectional area

Question 45

ASHRAE 90-XX series energy standards suggests practices for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?

Answer 45

external envelope HVAC equipment water heating equipment electrical distribution

Question 46

Name 8 innovative technologies for energy sources.

Answer 46

groundwater aquifer cooling and heating (AETS) geothermal energy wind turbines photovoltaic fuel cells biogas small scale hydro ice storage cooling

Question 47

The term *solar savings fraction* is used to what? - MEEB

Answer 47

Evaluate a building's solar heating performance. It is a measure (not a percentage) of the solar building's conservation advantage.

Question 48

The two types of heat transfer process commonly used in mechanical equipment for buildigns are\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?

Answer 48

compressive and absroption refrigeration cycles