BS - Epi/Biostat (Disease prevention & Medicare/Medicaid)

Question 1

What are the levels of disease prevention? Give one word to define the goal of each.

Answer 1

(1) Primary - Prevent (2) Secondary - Screen (3) Tertiary - Treat; Think: “PST - Prevent Screen Treat”

Question 2

What is the goal/purpose of primary disease prevention? Give an example.

Answer 2

Prevent disease occurrence (e.g., HPV vaccination)

Question 3

What is the goal/purpose of secondary disease prevention? Give an example.

Answer 3

Screening early for disease (e.g., Pap smear)

Question 4

What is the goal/purpose of tertiary disease prevention? Give an example.

Answer 4

Treatment to reduce disability from disease (e.g., chemotherapy)

Question 5

What is the goal/purpose of quaternary disease prevention?

Answer 5

Quarternary - identifying patients at risk of unnecessary treatment, protecting from the harm of new interventions

Question 6

What type of programs are Medicare and Medicaid, and from what policy/legislation did they originate?

Answer 6

Medicare and Medicaid - Federal programs that originated from amendments to Social Security Act

Question 7

To what patient population(s) is Medicare available?

Answer 7

Medicare is available to patients >= 65 years old, <65 with certain disabilities, and those with end-stage renal disease

Question 8

What kind of assistance is Medicaid, and to what patient population(s) is it available?

Answer 8

Medicaid is joint federal and state health assistance for people with very low income

Question 9

What is a mnemonic to remember the main difference between Medicare and Medicaid?

Answer 9

MedicarE for Elderly; MedicaiD for Destitute