BS Flashcards
Momentary reversal in potential difference across membrane occurring when a neuron is activated by stimulus
Action potential
Propagation of action potentials along myelinated axions from one node of Ranvier to the next, increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials.
Salutory COnudction
Something (like polypeptide) that potentiates or inhibits the transmission of a nerve impulse, but is not the actual means of transmission itself. Can act locally, or at a distance increasing/decreasing effects of the neurotransmitter.
Neuromodulator
Neurotransmitter receptor in the presynaptic terminal of the same neuron that produces the neurotransmitter. Has a higher affinity for the neurotransmitter than does the postsynaptic receptor, and thus has an auto regulatory function.
Autoreceptor
Site on a neuron that binds a modulatory neuroregulator other than that released by the neuron.–>Receptors that respond to neurotransmitters released from adjacent neurons. Opposite of autorecptors
Heteroreceptor
Ligand (ex neurotransmitter) binds to receptor–>conformational change in receptor protein which allows influx of ions.
Ionotropic Receptor (ligand-gated channels)
Ionotropic receptors form an ion channel pore.
Metabotropic receptors
metabotropic receptors. Large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways. Could be light-sensetive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, neurotransmitters.
G-Protein Coupled Receptors
Occurs when a receptor decreases its response to a signaling molecule when the agonist is in high concentration.
Too much signal=dampened response
Homologous desesitizization
Repeated stimulation of a receptor by one agonist results in desensitivity to a range of other agonists.
Too much signal=response dampened for that signal AND many others
Heterologous desensitiation
