Bronchiectasis

Question 1

Irreversible airway dilation

Answer 1

Bronchoectasis

Question 2

refers to bronchiectatic changes in a localized area of the lung and can be a consequence of obstruction of the airway—either extrinsic or intrinsic

Answer 2

Focal bronchiectasis

Question 3

characterized by widespread bronchiectatic changes throughout the lung and often arises from an underlying systemic or infectious disease process.

Answer 3

Diffuse bronchiectasis

Question 4

Upper lung field involvement

Answer 4

Cystic fibrosis

Post radiation fibrosis

Question 5

Lower lung field involvement

Answer 5

Chronic recurrent aspiration
End-stage fibrotic lung disease
Recurrent immunodeficiency-associated infections

Question 6

Predominantly affects midlung fields

Answer 6

Nontuberculous mycobacteria infection such as MAC

Question 7

Predominant central airway involvement

Answer 7

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Question 8

Imaging modality of choice for bronchiectasis; more specific

Answer 8

Chest CT

Question 9

Most widely cited mechanism of infectious bronchiectasis

Answer 9

Vicious cycle hypothesis