bronchiectasis

Question 1

bronchiectasis

Answer 1

a chronic dilation and distortion of the bronchi due to extensive inflammation and destruction of the bronchial wall cartilage, blood vessels, elastic tissue and smooth muscle

Question 2

varicose

Answer 2

dilated and constricted in an irregular fashion to varicose veins

Question 3

cylindrical

Answer 3

dilated in a regular pattern or outline similar to tubes

Question 4

saccular

Answer 4

a progressive enlargement of the bronchi in which they steadily increase in diameter, ending in a systlike sac in the lung parenchyma
this form of bronchiectasis cause the greatest amount of damage

Question 5

how chronic bronchiectasis acquire

Answer 5

repeated pulmonary infection can result in bronchiectasis

children who have frequent bout of bronchopneumonia

Question 6

respiratory complication

Answer 6

measles
chikenpox
pertussin
influenza

Question 7

bronchial obstruction

Answer 7

tumors
lymph nodes
foreign bodies
that why its important to remove foreign bodies

Question 8

pulmonary tuberculosis

Answer 8

secondary complication to the disease

Question 9

kartagener syndrome

Answer 9

triad of bronchiectasis , dextrocardia and paranasa; sinusitis
account fo 20% of all congenital bronchiectasis

Question 10

hypgammaglobulinemia

Answer 10

inherited acquire immune deficiency disorder

have recurring respiratory tracts infection

Question 11

cystic fibrosis

Answer 11

bronchial obstruction leading to bronchiectasis

Question 12

chronic dilation and distortion of bronchial airway

Answer 12

varicose
cylindrical
saccular

Question 13

chronic bronchiectasis pathophysiology

Answer 13

smooth muscle constriction of airway
with thick secreting can accelerate mucous plugging
hyper inflated alveoli: characteristic of obstructive disease
atelectasis consolidation and parenchymal fibrosis

Question 14

what is history like in bronchiectasis

Answer 14

acquire: recurrent pulmonary infection
obstruction
tuberculosis Hx.

Congenital:
Kartagner’s syndrome
hypergammaglobulinemia
cystic fibrosis

Question 15

what do expect in physical exam

Answer 15

increase in RR:
peripheral chemoreceptors lung stimulation
decrease lung compliance
anxiety
tachycardia
barrel chest
purse lip breathing
physical findings:
deceased tactile and vocal fremitus
hyperresonate percussion tone
diminished breath sounds
and you would hear crackles, rhonchi, wheezing

Question 16

what is like cough and sputum

Answer 16

chronic cough with large quantities of sputum

sputum may contain blood

Question 17

x-ray is

Answer 17

dark translucent lung field
flattened diaphragm
long and narrow heart
right ventricular hypertrophy
bronchogram: illustrate enlargement of the airway
not done too often anymore
in ct scan: bronchial wall enlargment

Question 18

cardiovascular findings

Answer 18

increase CVP
increased RA and PA pressure
increased pulmonary vascular resistance
increase JVP

Question 19

ABGs

Answer 19

chronic ventilatory failure with hypoxemia

Question 20

CBC

Answer 20

elevated RBC, HCT, and WBC with infection

Question 21

Bronchial hygiene

Answer 21

CPT

Aerosol therapy

Question 22

medication

Answer 22

mucomyst
SSKI
Sympathmimetics,anticholinergic, xathines: reverse bronchospasm
antibiotics:C&S of sputum
Supplemetal oxygen: helps to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance
Cardiovascular: use lasix