bronchial carincoma

Question 1

what percentage of lung tumours are malignant?

Answer 1

90%

Question 2

deaths per year

Answer 2

35K

Question 3

what can they be classified as?

Answer 3

non small cell -85%

small cell -15%

Question 4

what are the subcatergories of non small cell?

Answer 4

adenocarcinoma
large cell
squamous cell

Question 5

what percentage are squamous cell

Answer 5

40%

Question 6

where is it located?
a key symptom?
who?

Answer 6

centrally
hypercalaemia
smokers

Question 7

where is adenocarcinoma located?
cause?
who?

Answer 7

peripherally
non-smokers
asbestos

Question 8

describe large cell carcinoma

Answer 8

poorly differentiated

mets is common

Question 9

what is small cell carcinoma?

Answer 9

it is a cancer which secretes a polypeptide hormone

it has poor prognosis due to its rapid progressive nature ad early mets

Question 10

what cells secrete this polypeptide hormone?

Answer 10

kulchitsky cells

Question 11

what are pantumours associated with?

Answer 11

horner syndome

Question 12

horner syndrome is a triad of what? affecting what?

Answer 12

mitosis
pytiosis
and anhydrosis

affecting the sympathetic trunk

Question 13

what are the risk factors?

Answer 13

smoking
passive smoking
pollution/urban areas 
asbestos
radon
nickel, tar, iron
arsenic chromium

Question 14

presents with?

Answer 14

weight loss
haemtypsis
cough
wheeze
breathless/SOB
chest pain

Question 15

what can be associated with it - ribs and pleura?

Answer 15

fractures, pain in pleura

Question 16

what else can it affect and signs?

Answer 16

brachial plexus

muscle limited movement, pain -shoulder arm

Question 17

other signs

know well!!

Answer 17

lymphadenopathy
P. euffsion
lobal collapse
unresolved pneumonia

Question 18

diagnosis

Answer 18

CXR edge is fluffy/spikey
bloods 
sputum 
ct/pet
cytology

Question 19

treatment

Answer 19

small-- surgery
chemo
radio
palliative
combination 
pain relief- morphine

Question 20

survival rate of combined chem and radio therapy

Answer 20

25% at 5 years

Question 21

asbestos linked to

Answer 21

malignant mesothelia

white, blue brown(blue is worst)

Question 22

key signs

Answer 22

change in cough in copd patients

Question 23

what can a bovine cough indicate

Answer 23

compression of laryngeal nerve causing hoarseness of voice

Question 24

cxr things to look for

Answer 24

check hilar region
effusion
consolidation
collapse of lung

Question 25

what to consider with CT

Answer 25

adrenal
brain
liver mets