bronchial carincoma Flashcards
what percentage of lung tumours are malignant?
90%
deaths per year
35K
what can they be classified as?
non small cell -85%
small cell -15%
what are the subcatergories of non small cell?
adenocarcinoma
large cell
squamous cell
what percentage are squamous cell
40%
where is it located?
a key symptom?
who?
centrally
hypercalaemia
smokers
where is adenocarcinoma located?
cause?
who?
peripherally
non-smokers
asbestos
describe large cell carcinoma
poorly differentiated
mets is common
what is small cell carcinoma?
it is a cancer which secretes a polypeptide hormone
it has poor prognosis due to its rapid progressive nature ad early mets
what cells secrete this polypeptide hormone?
kulchitsky cells
what are pantumours associated with?
horner syndome
horner syndrome is a triad of what? affecting what?
mitosis
pytiosis
and anhydrosis
affecting the sympathetic trunk
what are the risk factors?
smoking passive smoking pollution/urban areas asbestos radon nickel, tar, iron arsenic chromium
presents with?
weight loss haemtypsis cough wheeze breathless/SOB chest pain
what can be associated with it - ribs and pleura?
fractures, pain in pleura
what else can it affect and signs?
brachial plexus
muscle limited movement, pain -shoulder arm
other signs
know well!!
lymphadenopathy
P. euffsion
lobal collapse
unresolved pneumonia
diagnosis
CXR edge is fluffy/spikey bloods sputum ct/pet cytology
treatment
small-- surgery chemo radio palliative combination pain relief- morphine
survival rate of combined chem and radio therapy
25% at 5 years
asbestos linked to
malignant mesothelia
white, blue brown(blue is worst)
key signs
change in cough in copd patients
what can a bovine cough indicate
compression of laryngeal nerve causing hoarseness of voice
cxr things to look for
check hilar region
effusion
consolidation
collapse of lung
