Bronchial carcinoma Flashcards

1
Q

Prevalence

A

Lung cancer accounts for 28% of cancer deaths in men

and 24% of cancer deaths in women (rapidly rising) in the US

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2
Q

Causes

A

Cigarette smoking being the most common cause of lung cancer in both sexes.

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3
Q

It is classified simply as:

A

1. Small cell cancer (deadly with poor prognosis)

2. Non-small cell cancer NSCLC:

  • where curative resection is possible
    e. g.
  • SCC
  • adenocarcinoma
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4
Q

Clinical features

A

Most present at 50–70 yrs

Only 10–25% asymptomatic at time of diagnosis

If symptomatic—usually advanced and not resectable

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5
Q

Local symptoms

A
  • Cough (42%)
  • Chest pain (22%)
  • Wheezing (15%)
  • Haemoptysis (7%)
  • Dyspnoea (5%)

General:

  • anorexia
  • malaise
  • weight loss (unexplained)

Others:

  • unresolved chest infection
  • hoarseness
  • symptoms from metastases
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6
Q

Investigations

A

Chest X-ray

Computerised tomography

Fibre-optic ± fluorescence bronchoscopy

PET scanning (to exclude metastatic disease)

No proven benefit of screening for asymptomatic people.

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7
Q

Management

A

Staging of cancer is pivotal to management.

Refer for possible surgical resection (NSCLC).

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