Broad Spectrum/Antituberculars/Antifungals/Antivirals

Question 1

Glycopeptide- Vancomycin

Answer 1

Given IV, poor oral absorption.
Ear and kidney toxicities. 👂🏼
Monitor peaks and troughs.
Treats MRSA.

Question 2

Tetracyclines

Answer 2

Treat acne. H. Pylori (causes ulcers).
Contraindicated: children under 8, pregnant women.
Discolors teeth, photo sensitivity, GI distress.
Don’t take with dairy products or iron.
Check to see if on Digoxin- predisposes for toxicity.
Don’t take with anacids, check expiration.

Question 3

Aminoglycosides

Answer 3

Gram negative primarily.
Monitor peak/trough, kidney/hearing function.
Check urine output, 👆🏻 fluid intake.
Given IV, poor oral absorption.
SE: superinfection, scratchy genitals.
Provide good oral care.

Question 4

Flouroquinolones

Answer 4

UTI's, resp/skin infections.
Theophylline is 👆🏻.
Nervous system reactions when given with NSAIDS 💊.
Monitor blood sugar, watch urine output.
Push fluids to prevent crystaluria.

Question 5

Levofloxin + Anacids =

Answer 5

Black furry tongue 👅

Question 6

Mode of transmission for TB?

Answer 6

Airborne 💨

Question 7

TB signs & symptoms

Answer 7

Fever, persistent cough, cough blood, night sweats, lack of appetite, weight loss.

Question 8

Mode of transmission for fungal infections?

Answer 8

Spores, inhalation, contact.

Question 9

Tests for TB?

Answer 9

Skin test, X-Ray chest, culture.

Question 10

Type of therapy for active TB?

Answer 10

Combination therapy

Just one with for preventative therapy.

Question 11

Tubercular- INH common side effects

Answer 11

Peripheral neuropathy, liver toxicity.

Question 12

Tubercular- INH

Answer 12

Not enough B6.
Risk for liver failure, can discolor contact lenses, turns fluids orange (Rifampin).
Take on empty stomach, don’t take with antacids.
Sputum sample in morning for 3 days.
Routine eye exams.

Question 13

Macrolides- Erythromycin

Answer 13

Gi upset.
Loading dose.
Skin, resp., sinus infection, STI’s.
Neurological problems, rash, superinfection.
Kidney/liver function.
Shouldn’t pair with similar toxicity risk.

Question 14

Antifungals- Amphotericin B

Answer 14

Binds to cell wall, divided doses.

Nepheotoxicity, fever/chills, electrolyte imbalances.

Question 15

Antifungals- Nystatin

Answer 15

Treats oral thrush.
Bright yellow. 💛
“Swish and Swallow.”

Question 16

Azoles

Answer 16

Nonprescription.
Athletes foot, ringworm, jock itch.
Effects cholesterol.
Fungal culture for infections.
Neurological effects, abstinent if vaginal.

Question 17

Antivirals- NON-HIV

Answer 17

Herpes, Influenza, Mono.

Question 18

Influenza

Answer 18

Nonclassified- older, not used as commonly b/c of side effects. Anticholinergic (dry).

Neuraminidase inhibitors- new, less side effects, treats A and B. Need to start within 24 hours of symptoms.

Question 19

Nursing interventions for Influenza

Answer 19

CBC if long term, bp.
Push fluids.
Orthostatic hypotension.