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Academic Challenge > British Monarchs > Flashcards

British Monarchs Flashcards

1
Q

Expelled Danes from Mercian town of London

A

Alfred the Great

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2
Q

Conquered Danelaw territory

A

Alfred the Great

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3
Q

Kept England from Dark Ages by fostering literacy

A

Alfred the Great

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4
Q

Translated Boethius, Augustine, and the venerable Bede’s works into Anglo-Saxon

A

Alfred the Great

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5
Q

Defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the Battle of Hastings

A

William I (The Conqueror)

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6
Q

Authorized a survey of his kingdom in Domesday Book

A

William I (The Conqueror)

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7
Q

Son of Geoffrey Anjou and Matilda

A

Henry II

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8
Q

Married Eleanor of Aquitane

A

Henry II

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9
Q

Developed common law and due process

A

Henry II

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10
Q

Fought Thomas a Becket over submission to the pope

A

Henry II

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11
Q

Wife and sons conspired against him with Philip II

A

Henry II

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12
Q

Went on Third Crusade

A

Richard I (The Lion-Hearted)

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13
Q

Captured by Leopold V

A

Richard I (The Lion-Hearted)

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14
Q

Fought Philip II in Normandy, died defending possessions in Aquitane

A

Richard I (The Lion-Hearted)

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15
Q

Tried to seize crown from brother Richard

A

John Lackland

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16
Q

Excommunicated by pope for refusing to accept Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury

A

John Lackland

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17
Q

Forced to sign Magna Carta at Runnymede

A

John Lackland

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18
Q

Became Duke of Gloucester following Wars of the Roses

A

Richard III

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19
Q

Had nephew Edward V murdered in Tower of London

A

Richard III

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20
Q

Died to Henry Tudor’s forces at Bosworth Field

A

Richard III

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21
Q

Brought England into Renaissance and Reformation

A

Henry VIII

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22
Q

Patronized philosopher Erasmus, painter Hans Hoblein the Younger, and writer Thomas More

A

Henry VIII

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23
Q

Named himself head of Church of England to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn

A

Henry VIII

24
Q

Executed Thomas Cromwell, Thomas More

A

Henry VIII

25
Q

“Virgin Queen”

A

Elizabeth I

26
Q

Tried to restore religious order by declaring England a Protestant state, but named herself only “governor” of the Church

A

Elizabeth I

27
Q

Foiled attempts at the throne by Philip II and Mary, Queen of Scots

A

Elizabeth I

28
Q

Expansion of English Navy, emergence of Shakespeare

A

Elizabeth I

29
Q

Became king of Scotland at age one

A

James I

30
Q

Intended target of Guy Fawkes’ failed Gunpowder Plot

A

James I

31
Q

Believed in absolutism, dissolved Parliament

A

James I

32
Q

Favored ministers Robert Cecil and the Duke of Buckingham

A

James I

33
Q

Signed Petition of Right

A

Charles I

34
Q

“Personal Rule” / “Eleven Years’ Tyranny”

A

Charles I

35
Q

Bishops’ Wars

A

Charles I

36
Q

Short Parliament, Long Parliament

A

Charles I

37
Q

Argued with Long Parliament over Earl of Strafford, church reform, rebellion in Ireland

A

Charles I

38
Q

Created his own Cavalier court after the start of civil war

A

Charles I

39
Q

Beheaded at Whitehall by “High Court of Justice”

A

Charles I

40
Q

Crowned King of Scotland while Oliver Cromwell ruled the Commonwealth

A

Charles II

41
Q

Restored themself to the throne with Declaration of Breda

A

Charles II

42
Q

Needed protection from Louis XIV through Treaty of Dover

A

Charles II

43
Q

“Merry Monarch”, 14 illegitimate children

A

Charles II

44
Q

Popish Plot would have elevated them to the throne if not fabricated by Titus Oates

A

James II

45
Q

William of Orange took over the throne after they were deposed in the Glorious Revolution

A

James II

46
Q

Routed at the Battle of the Boyne

A

James II

47
Q

Lost American colonies in Revolutionary War

A

George III

48
Q

Ministers William Pitt the Elder, Lord Bute, and Lord North fell from power

A

George III

49
Q

Suffered from Porphyria, caused “madness”

A

George III

50
Q

Relinquished powers to Lord Melbourne, Robert Peel, and Benjamin Disraeli

A

Victoria

51
Q

Went into seclusion after husband’s death

A

Victoria

52
Q

Influenced Reform Act of 1867

A

Victoria

53
Q

Representative of modern ceremonial monarchy

A

Elizabeth II

54
Q

Husband “Prince” Philip Mountbatten

A

Elizabeth II

55
Q

Marital failures by sons Charles and Andrew

A

Elizabeth II

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