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A Level History > BRITAIN WSPU 1903-14 PART 2 > Flashcards

BRITAIN WSPU 1903-14 PART 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Sylvia arrested for interrupting a court case?

A

1906

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2
Q

Why was Sylvia’s stance on the WSPU militancy hypocritical?

A

She was regularly in and out of prison for acts of militancy

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3
Q

How many times was Sylvia arrested in Spring 1913?

A

3 times, going on a hunger strike on the third occasion

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4
Q

What made Sylvia stand out from the rest of the Pankhursts?

A

She was a socialist

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5
Q

What did Syliva believe that the move away from Labour was typical of?

A

Christabel’s ‘incipient Toryism’

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6
Q

When did Sylvia leave the WSPU?

A

1913

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7
Q

What did Sylvia found?

A

East London Federation of Suffragettes (ELFS)

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8
Q

What was the difference between the WSPU and the ELFS?

A

ELFS included male members and was a democratically organised society

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9
Q

When did Emily Davison join the WSPU?

A

1906

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10
Q

When did Davison quit her job to campaign full-tme for the WSPU?

A

1908

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11
Q

What did Emily Davison do before the WSPU?

A

Worked as a teacher; studied at the University of Oxford

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12
Q

What action did Emily Davison take during the 1911 census?

A

Hid in a chapel beneath the Houses of Parliament the night before registration, so that she could appear as residing there

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13
Q

What did Davison do in 1912?

A

Spent 6 months in Holloway Prison for arson before falling down a staircase to win relief from the force-feedings

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14
Q

When was Davison killed?

A

June 1913

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15
Q

Where did Davison throw herself in front of the king’s horse?

A

Epsom Derby

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16
Q

What has been suggested about WSPU militancy?

A

Much was not directed by the WPSU, but performed on individual members’ private initiative

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17
Q

How was the WSPU faring in 1914?

A

It had enjoyed immense success and popularity, but was in a precarious position

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18
Q

When did Christabel’s role in the WSPU diminish?

A

After 1912

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19
Q

Why did Christabel’s role in the WSPU diminish?

A

She fled to France to avoid imprisonment

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20
Q

How did Christabel get involved from the WSPU from afar?

A

Regular meetings with Annie Kenney from Paris

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21
Q

What in particular did Christabel direct from afar?

A

WSPU’s arson campaign

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22
Q

When did Emmeline’s power diminish?

A

1913

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23
Q

Why did Emmeline’s power diminish?

A

Sentenced to 3 years’ penal servitude for threatening to blow up Lloyd George’s house- weakened

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24
Q

When was the government seriously considering extending the franchise?

A

1909-14

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25
Q

What was the problem with the WSPU’s organisation?

A

WSPU’s autocratic nature was limited and inflexible

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26
Q

What were several political obstacles preventing the success of female suffrage between 1909-14?

A

PM’s personal opposition; 1910 constitutional crisis; debates over form of female suffrage

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27
Q

When had many pro-suffrage MPs become disillusioned because of WPSU violence?

A

By 1912

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28
Q

Why could the WSPU be considered pragmatic?

A

They conceived of only a limited extension to the franchise

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29
Q

What was one of the biggest obstacles to female suffrage in 1909?

A

Party deadlock between Conservatives and Liberals about the form it should take

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30
Q

What kind of female suffrage were Conservative MPs advocating in 1909?

A

Equal suffrage rights with men

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31
Q

Why did the Liberals reject the Conservative proposal of female suffrage in 1909?

A

Feared it would add more Conservative votes to the electorate

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32
Q

What kind of female suffrage were Liberal MPs advocating in 1909?

A

Extending suffrage criteria so that women and more working-class men would have the vote

33
Q

When did a significant women’s suffrage bill fail?

A

1909

34
Q

Which party took power in 1906?

A

Liberals

35
Q

Which Liberal MP introduced an unsuccessful private member’s bill for both male and female suffrage, based on a 3-month residential qualification?

A

Geoffrey Howard

36
Q

How did the 1909 women’s suffrage bill fare in parliament?

A

Carried by 35 votes on its 2nd reading, but failed to proceed after extensive debate wasted time allocated to its passing

37
Q

What view did Asquith hold on political change?

A

Gladstonian- believed that too much too quickly would fundamentally damage political stability

38
Q

When was Asquith assaulted by women brandishing dog whips?

A

1913

39
Q

How did militancy affect Asquith’s personal views on female suffrage?

A

Strengthened his resolve

40
Q

What reinforced Asquith’s view that only very extreme women could possibly want the vote?

A

His wife Margot and daughter Violet were adamantly opposed to female suffrage

41
Q

When did Asquith call a general election, due to the Lords’ refusal to pass the 1909 budget?

A

January 1910

42
Q

How did the Liberals fare in the 1910 election?

A

Returned to government, but lost their majority

43
Q

What was appointed after the 1910 election to address the issue of female suffrage?

A

All-party committee, consisting of 54 MPs

44
Q

Who chaired the 1910 all-party committee for female suffrage?

A

Conservative Early of Lytton, brother of a celebrated WSPU member

45
Q

What did the 1910 bill propose?

A

Vote for women householders and business occupants, with an income of £10 a year or more; marriage wouldn’t be a disqualification

46
Q

Who would the 1910 bill actually give the vote to?

A

Women who could already vote in local government elections

47
Q

Why was the 1910 bill criticised in the HoC?

A

Only gave vote to 1 million women, mostly widows and spinsters

48
Q

How did the 1910 bill actually fare in the HoC?

A

Passed its 2nd reading in July by a staggering 110 votes

49
Q

Which key figures denounced/opposed the 1910 bill?

A

Christabel; Asquith; Lloyd George and Churchill

50
Q

Why did nothing more happen with the 1910 bill?

A

1910 constitutional crisis

51
Q

When was there a 2nd general election in 1910?

A

November

52
Q

Why was there a 2nd general election in 1910?

A

Total breakdown in relations between HoL and HoC

53
Q

When was Black Friday?

A

1910

54
Q

What happened on Black Friday?

A

Riot broke out in Parliament Square in response to failure of 1909 conciliation bill; 300 women assaulted by police

55
Q

How many women died on Black Friday?

A

3

56
Q

When was a 2nd conciliation bill passed?

A

May 1911

57
Q

What did the 2nd conciliation bill pass by?

A

255 votes to 88

58
Q

Why was there a 2nd conciliation bill?

A

Asquith promised the next parliament would include a bill for female suffrage

59
Q

Who opposed the 2nd conciliation bill?

A

Lloyd George- feared it would create 1000s of Conservative voters

60
Q

When was there a 3rd conciliation bill?

A

March 1912

61
Q

How did the 3rd conciliation bill fare?

A

Defeated by 14 votes

62
Q

How did the female suffrage societies react to the failure of the 3rd conciliation bill?

A

NUWSS moved to make an alliance with the Labour Party; WSPU resumed militant activities more aggressively

63
Q

What was part of the reason for the failure of the 3rd conciliation bill?

A

Damaging effect of WSPU’s militant violence

64
Q

How did Asquith sabotage the 3rd conciliation bill?

A

Persuaded Irish Nationalist MPs to drop their support for the bill in order to secure legislation for Irish Home Rule

65
Q

How many Irish MPs voted for the 1912 bill?

A

3

66
Q

What did many people believe that the vote was?

A

A responsibility, not a right

67
Q

When was a new franchise bill debated, proposing the extension of the vote to working-class men?

A

1913

68
Q

Who suggested that the 1913 franchise bill should also include women?

A

Lloyd George

69
Q

How did MPs react to the 1913 franchise bill?

A

Found support from HoC; Speaker of the House declared that this would make the bill invalid

70
Q

Who was the Speaker of the House in 1913?

A

Conservative MP James Lowther

71
Q

How did the suffragettes react to the 1913 franchise bill?

A

With more violence

72
Q

When did Lloyd George believe that Christabel had lost all sense of proportion?

A

November 1911

73
Q

When was Milicent Fawcett made aware in a conversation with Lloyd George that recent militancy made reform impossible?

A

1910

74
Q

What was the significant militant event that made pro-suffrage MPs doubt the cause?

A

1910 attack on Downing Street

75
Q

When was there a particularly aggressive wave of violence?

A

1911-13

76
Q

How many times had Conservative Party conferences passed votes in favour of female suffrage before 1911?

A

6

77
Q

How did Conservative Party conferences vote on female suffrage in 1912 and 1913?

A

Opposed it

78
Q

What is an example of reduced support for female suffrage in 1912?

A

Pro-suffrage MP George Lansbury lost his seat to an anti-suffrage candidate; despite a huge majority in 1910

79
Q

How did the 1917 RPA fare?

A

Passed by 385 to 55 votes

A Level History (34 decks)

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