Britain booklet 5

Question 1

what did the combination acts of 1799 and 1800 illegal?

Answer 1

forming trade unions

Question 2

what did the 1813 repeal of the statute of artificers do?

Answer 2

removed regulation of wages and working conditions

Question 3

what were the government laissez-faire policies intending to do?

Answer 3

remove obstacles slowing down the pace of profiteering, allowing market forces and entrepreneurs to dictate the rate of change?

Question 4

which class benefitted most and grew rapidly during industrialisation?

Answer 4

the middle class

Question 5

from 1816-1831, by what % did the middle class increase?

Answer 5

75%

Question 6

when Richard Arkwright died in 1792, how much was he worth?

Answer 6

500 000

Question 7

what did the steam engine in 1769 mean for factories?

Answer 7

factories no longer had to be near rivers as a power source

Question 8

by the 1820s how many miles of navigable canals and waterways for trade were there?

Answer 8

4000

Question 9

how much did cotton imports increase by from 1761 to 1833?

Answer 9

3 million to 300 million

Question 10

by 1866 how many joint stock banks were there in Britain?

Answer 10

154 joint stock banks with 850 branches nation wide

Question 11

what happened to British banks in 1826?

Answer 11

the cap was removed and they were able to reach their potential

Question 12

what did an 1833 act of parliament allow London banks to do?

Answer 12

London banks were now able to issue cheques, increasing speed of commercial transactions

Question 13

what did the 1847 factory act introduce?

Answer 13

10 hour working day

Question 14

what did the repeal of combination acts in 1825 mean?

Answer 14

workers could now join unions, who began calling for the right to vote

Question 15

what did the 1833 factory act enforce?

Answer 15

a 1.5 hour break to be provided for food in a working day

Question 16

what was John Simon’s role in improving working conditions?

Answer 16

wrote annual health reports from 1848-55, bringing the appalling working conditions to light, influencing weekly workplace inspections to be carried out in poor parts of London

Question 17

after 1833 factory act how many inspectors were there to cover how many textile mills?

Answer 17

4 to cover 4000 textile mills

Question 18

what was the problem with fines carried out after the factory act?

Answer 18

inspectors regularly complained that magistrates (who were often factory owners themselves) applied fines too leniently

Question 19

when were factory act rules finally added to more industries than just textile workers?

Answer 19

1860-67

Question 20

what was whig MP lord Russel’s approach to working class?

Answer 20

sympathetic, believing reform to be the “moral thing”

Question 21

when was the swing riots?

Answer 21

1830

Question 22

how long did the swing riots last?

Answer 22

2 years

Question 23

how much damage did the swing rioyts cause?

Answer 23

600 pound riot damage and 100 000 arson damage

Question 24

what punishments were handed out after the swing riots?

Answer 24

252 death sentenced and 505 transported

Question 25

what did John Fielden do?

Answer 25

instrumental in bringing about the 1847 factory act and 10h day

Question 26

what did Michael Armstrong do?

Answer 26

wrote "factory boy" in 1840 in monthly parts for 1 shilling a month, based on the true harsh events carried out in Manchester factories

Question 27

what did the 1847 factory act do?

Answer 27

introduced 10h working day for women and children but still not men

Question 28

who was Richard Oastler?

Answer 28

tory land steward from Huddersfield with humanitarian ideals and prioritising children workers, a main speaker at short time committee meetings

Question 29

what was the population of Manchester in 1775 and then in 1801?

Answer 29

30 000 to 84 000

Question 30

what % of British inhabitants lived in london in 1801?

Answer 30

8% (around 1 million), double Paris at the time

Question 31

in the first 1/2 of the 19th century what was the increase of urban inhabitants?

Answer 31

5 million

Question 32

by 1836 how many miles of Turnpiked roads were there in England?

Answer 32

22 000

Question 33

In what year were the 4 major river systems of England linked by canals?

Answer 33

1790

Question 34

from 1838 to 1850 what was the increase of miles of railway in Britain?

Answer 34

500 miles to 6000 miles

Question 35

In 1832 how many short time committees were there?

Answer 35

26

Question 36

In 1821, what % of the working population were under the age of 20?

Answer 36

49%

Question 37

What year did Robert Peel become prime minister with the Tory government?

Answer 37

1841

Question 38

What was Robert Peels governments motivation?

Answer 38

To improve social distress within society

Question 39

In what year did children working days increase to 10.5 hours?

Answer 39

1850

Question 40

In what year were the corn laws repealed?

Answer 40

1846

Question 41

What was the average working day for a man?

Answer 41

14 hours, 6 day week

Question 42

In Sunderland 1831, how many people died of cholera?

Answer 42

32,000

Question 43

From 1801-51 by what % did urban populations increase every decade?

Answer 43

27%