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141 > Brief history of life on Earth > Flashcards

Brief history of life on Earth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three domains in life?

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
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2
Q

Eukaryotic kingdoms are

A
  • Protists - Eukaryotes, primarily unicellular organisms such as algae. They are heterotrophic or photosynthetic
  • Fungi - Eukaryotic, mostly multi-cellular, hetrophic with a chitin cell wall
  • Animalae - Eukaryotic, multi-cellular, motile, heterotropic
  • Plants - Eukaryotic, multi-cellular, photosynthetic
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3
Q

Archaebacteria

A

Prokaryotes that lack a peptide-glycan cell wall, extreme halophiles, thermophiles and methanogens

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4
Q

Eubacteria

A

Prokaryotes with a pepidoglycan cell wall. Examples include cyanbacteria

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5
Q

How old is the Earth?

A

4.5 billion yrs old

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6
Q

3.8 billion years ago

A

Earliest isotopic life evidence

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7
Q

3.5 billion years ago

A

Earliest fossil found

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8
Q

2 billion years ago

A

Atmosphere became oxygenated

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9
Q

0.6 billion years ago

A

Hard shelled organims developed

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10
Q

What are stromatlites?

A
  • Pre-cambrian bacteria cities which produced oxygen
  • Helped to oxygenise the atmosphere
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11
Q

When did cyanobacteria develop?

A

3.5 billion years ago

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12
Q

A theory of how eukaryotics first formed?

A
  1. Infloding of plasma membrane
  2. Engulfing of aeorbic heterotrophic prokaryotes and photosyemic prokaryotes
  3. Leading to a endosymbiobiotic relationship
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13
Q

How did multi-celled ekaryotes arise?

A

Evolved from single-celled Eukaryotes living in close association to each other

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14
Q

When did sex gametes and complex DNA evolve and what did it lead to?

A
  • 570 million years ago
  • Led to a explosion in life and diversity
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15
Q

When was land colonised?

A

500 million years ago

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16
Q

Impact of extinction events

A
  • Mass extinctions may create ecological space
  • Removes organisms occupying niches
  • Survivors descendants could move into that space
  • May led to adaptive radiation

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