brief brain tumours Flashcards
mets
- most common CNS tumour
tumours that spread
- lung
- breast
- bowel
- melanoma
- kidney
glioblastoma multiforme
- most common primary tumour
- poor px - less 1 yr
- solid
- central necorsis
- enhancing rim
- disruption of blood brain barrier -> vasogenic oedema
- pleomorphic tumour cells border necrotic areas
mx of glioblastoma multiforme
surgery
post op chemo +- radio
dexamethasone - oedema
meningioma
- second most common brain tumour in adults
- benign
- next to dura
- sx by compression
- located at the falx cerebri, superior sagittal sinus, convexity or skull base.
- Spindle cells in concentric whorls and calcified psammoma bodies
ix for meningioma
contrast CT and MRI
mx of meningioma
observation
radiotherapy
surgical resection
vestibular schwannoma
- aka acoustic neuroma
- benign - from 8th CN
- in cerebellopontine angle
- hearing loss, facial nerve palsy, tinnitis
- bilateral in neurofibromatosis 2
- Antoni A or B patterns are seen. Verocay bodies (acellular areas surrounded by nuclear palisades)
rx of vestibular shwannoma
observation
radiotherapy
surgery
pilocystic astrocytoma
- most common primary brain tumour in children
- Rosenthal fibres (corkscrew eosinophilic bundle)
medulloblastoma
- aggressive paediatric brain tumour
- from infratentorial compartment
- Small, blue cells. Rosette pattern of cells with many mitotic figures
mx of medulloblastoma
surgery
chemo
ependymoma
in 4th ventricle
may cause hydrocephalus
perivascular pseudorosettes
oligodendroma
benign
slow growing
frontal lobes
calcifications - fried egg appearance
haemangioblastoma
vascular tumour of cerebellum
von hippel-lindau
foam cells, high vascularity
craniopharyngioma
- paediatric
- supratentorial tumour
- solid/cystic
- hormonal disturbance, hydrocephalus, bitemporal hemianopia
ix of craniopharyngioma
pit blood level
MRI
rx of craniopharyngioma
surgery
+- postop radio
meningioma
glioblastoma
