Bridge Design Flashcards
What is the name of the bridge that you could make with just a tree truck that you need to span the distance of something that needs crossing?
Flat beam
Fill in the blanks:
The ____ bridge was built initially with small blocks called keystones. These were often wedged in shape and also interlocked to add strength. The ____ has great engineering value because when an _____ is placed under load , the forces placed on the ______ are directed along the ____ and to the supports. The blocks within the ____ are also placed under compression. Stone and concrete are very strong when compressed
Arch(ed)
What type of bridge uses differently designed frames, that usually consist of triangle shaped patterns, that can be extremely strong and withhold extremely strong loads
Truss
What bridge uses strong materials in tension to hold itself, and a load, suspended in mid air. It needs large towers to support the cables, usually made of stone concrete or brick
Suspension
What where many earliest bridges still in existence made of?
Stone
Define bridge
‘Any structure that can span a given distance between two or more points’ (‘Bridges’ by Mr Barter)
Name two types of natural bridges
A fallen tree spanning a river, a large rock, ice
When was the ‘Pont du Gard’ estimated to be built?
19B.C.
How long have timber bridges been in existence?
Approximately over 2000 years
How many arches does the ‘Kantai Bridge’ have?
5
What is heavier? Suspension or trussed?
Suspension
Name 3 examples of when you would use steel products in a bridge
Truss members, wire cables, box girders, reinforcing in concrete, bolts and rivets
The Romans used what to make a simple form of today’s concrete?
Limestone, pebbles and sand
Concrete has been very strong in _____ and has been used in bridge building since the late 19th century
Compression
Steel does what to concrete, to make it stronger when in tension
Reinforces
What am I? Modern bridge design often utilises me to spam large distances when reinforced with steel. My hollow concrete shell allows bridges to use less weight and as a result, span a longer distance without bending. I am a hollow boa shaped beam that can span large distances when reinforced with steel
I am a box girder!
Which Melbourne bridge failed during construction and killed 35 people?
West gate bridge
are bridges stronger rigid or flexible?
Rigid
What are tensile forces?
Tensile forces are forces that attempt to pull a member apart. These types of forces are supported by ties in truss design
What does compressive forces do?
Forces attempt to squash a member. These types of forces are supported by struts in truss design
What do shear forces do?
Shear forces apply when one member is trying to slide across another. The two metal plates below are placing a shear force on the rivet
Torsion occurs when?
Torsion can occur when a member that is supported at one end is loaded heavily. The beam will tend to twist so that it will bend more easily
Around what time was it that cast iron was used in bridges?
Around the 1800’s
