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Pigs MCQ 1 > Breeding management > Flashcards

Breeding management Flashcards

1
Q

Sow in heat has what conception rate?

A

90%

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2
Q

How many days is gestation?

A

115 days

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3
Q

How many days do piglets suckle?

A

21-28 days

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4
Q

How many days is mating after weaning?

A

5 days after weaning

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5
Q

Target gestation

A

115 days

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6
Q

Target suckling

A

28 days

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7
Q

Target Service interval

A

5 to 6 days

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8
Q

Target Total production cycle

A

148-150 days

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9
Q

Target Litters per annum

A

2.47

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10
Q

Target litter size

A

18

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11
Q

Target pigs weaned

A

17

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12
Q

Target pigs/sow/year

A

40-42

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13
Q

How many pigs produced /sow/yr in Ireland?

A

27.5 pigs

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14
Q

Ireland Litter size

A

14.3

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15
Q

Ireland pigs weaned

A

12.1

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16
Q

Ireland pigs/sow/year

A

27.5

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17
Q

Danebred average and top 5% herd 2019 pigs weaned/sow/year

A

39.8 pigs weaned/sow/year

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18
Q

2021 how many kg of meat/year

A

2549kg has increased 17% since 2016

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19
Q

2022 how many kg pigmeat/year

A

2.482kg meat/year 9% increase since 2017 as no pig/sow/yr and increase carcass weight

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20
Q

Teagasc top 10% pigs weaned/sow/year

A

31.4 pigs/sow/year

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21
Q

Non productive days/ empty in Ireland/year

A

14 days per litter per annum in Ireland

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22
Q

What are the sows productive periods?

A

Pregnancy and lactation

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23
Q

What is the sows unproductive periods?

A

-Selection to first conception
-Weaning to conception - NB Ireland
-Final weaning to culling or death

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24
Q

Why sows have unproductive periods?

A

-Failure of the sow to show oestrus activity promptly or at all after weaning
-Failure to detect oestrus or heat
-Failure to conceive
-Embryonic losses and abortion
-Delay between weaning and culling

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25
Improving farrowing rate and %
No.females farrowing/ No. females served x 100
26
Farrowing target
88%
27
Repeats target
8%
28
Not in pig
1%
29
Abortion
1%
30
Sold/ pregnant
1%
31
Death
1%
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Calculation of herd size
no. farrowing crates available/ wk x 52 farrowing index ( no litter/sow/year)
40
Farrowing rate in Ireland
86% -89%
41
No. sows served
60%
42
Farrowing rate
30%
43
No born alive per litter
5%
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
No females bred per week is dependent on?
1. No. weaned sows available for breeding 2. No gilts available 3. No opportunity sows available
50
When is sow most productive?
Between days 3 and 6 post weaning
51
What parity sows have the highest body weight loss during lactation?
1st parity sows
52
What sows have a longer WSI
Sows with little fat to mobilise during lactation
53
Sows on a higher feed intake(5.5kg) had?
a higher embryo survival 81.4%
54
Sows on a low feed intake (2.9kg) have what embryo survival?
67% embryo survival
55
56
57
Sows fed a HHH diet had the lowest WSI of what?
Low WSI of 7 days
57
Sows fed LLL had the longest WSI of what?
Low WSI of 22 days
58
When is gilt mated?
At 8 months or 140 days
59
When do gilts reach mature bodyweight?
After 1st weaning
60
Don't want sow loosing what % of bodyweight
7.5-12.5%
61
62
What is flushing?
Increasing the level of feed directly after weaning or before conception for gilts
63
Why flush?
To increase conceptions rate and decrease WSI
64
Gilts on higher feed intake have?
reduced WSI and higher conception rates
65
Long term nutrition is important
BCS and weight
66
10kg weight loss affects ova by?
decrease ova by 0.9 at next oestrus
67
BCS 1
6mm backfat
68
BCS is driven by?
Lactation and feed intake
69
What is the ideal BCS score?
BCS 3 18mm backfat
70
Boat exposure effect of contact with sows on the timing of post-weaning oestrus in sows?
Boar - 8 days None 21 day s
71
How long sow take to get back into eat upon boar exposure?
8 days
72
How long take sow get back into heat without boar exposure?
21 days - takes 3 times as long to get back into heat
73
What masks the boar effect?
-Cold housing -Group housing takes longer to get back into heat (13 degrees celsius) -High ammonia levels
74
Lighting effects for weaning to oestrus
> 250 lux
75
Effect of season on weaning to oestrus
Autumn abortion/ summer infertility syndrome
76
Low feed consumption effects return to oestrus as?
Low feed = low blood glucose levels = low insulin level Glycogen in liver muscle, lipids in fat and protein from muscle are broken down
77
What are insulin levels related to during lactation?
Insulin levels are positively related to LH levels during mid and late lactation As insulin increases, LH increases
78
Function of LH
LH is the hormone which stimulates the resumption of follicular growth during mid and late lactation Stimulates oestrus and ovulation following weaning
79
Sows make what decision?
How fast they will return to oestrus and how fertile they will long before they are weaned
80
How long will a sow be anabolic before returning to oestrus?
Anabolic for 10 days
81
What does anabolic mean?
Put on muscle at end of lactation
82
If a sow is anabolic for 5 to 6 days before weaning when will she return to oestrus?
Sow returns to oestrus 4 to 6 days following weaning
83
Stressed sow increases cortisol levels issue?
Decreases oxytocin for mating
84
Adverse handling decreases conception rate by
33.3% cortisol is 2.4%
85
Good handling increases conception rate by
87.5% CR and cortisol level is 1.7%
86
Sows that are catabolic up to the time of weaning take how long to go into heat after weaning?
10 days or more to resume oestrus cyclicity following weaning and will be less fertile
87
88
89
What was fed to sows in the last week of lactation to make them anabolic?
Weaner diet/ fishmeal - high in protein
90
Sows require how many hours of light?
14-16 hours
91
When sows are stressed they won't conceive due to?
High levels of cortisol and decreased levels of oxytocin reducing conception rate
92
93
94
95
What is the effect of inadequate nutrient intake during lactation on WSI?
Reduced LH pulsatility before weaning
96
What is WSI LH production characterised by?
High frequency/low amplitude pulse frequency directly after weaning induces recruitment of the then existing large follicle population
97
Sows show a prolonged WSI when
Have fewer LH peaks per 6 hours and lower LH concentrations on day 14,21 and 28 of lactation
98
Alterations in LH patterns as early as day 14 are associated with?
Delayed WSI and insufficient restoration go LH production during lactation cause a prolonged WSI
99

Pigs MCQ 1 (2 decks)

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