Breeding Flashcards
an active area in the chromosome that codes for trait
Gene
- a complex molecule of the chromosomes which is the coding mechanism of inheritance
DNA
transmission of genes from parents to offspring
Inheritance
the characteristics of an animal that can be seen or measured
Phenotype
(Genotype+Environment)
Phenotype
- the genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
Phenotype-Environment
Genotype
Differentially producing what one wants in the herd. Allowing only certain matings to occur.
Selection
when egg and sperm unite to form embryo
Fertilization
an individual whose genes for a particular trait are identical or alike
Homozygous
an individual who possesses unlike genes for a particular trait
Heterozygous
gene that overpowers and prevents the expression of its recessive allele when the two alleles are present in a heterozygous individual
Dominant
a gene that its expression is mask
Recessive
in the nucleus and contain the genetic material
Chromosomes
Tandem Selection
Selecting for one trait at a time
Selection index
Rating animals by combining performance of several traits into a single value
Independent Culling
Establishes minimum culling levels for each trait
Purebred animals
Meets requirements of a recognized breed and whose ancestors are registered in the herdbook
Purebred breeder
develop breeding stock that possess the highest predictability for transmitting the most desirable inheritance possible
Commercial producers
make use of available genetic material in a manner to maximize production or give the most efficient, rapid and economical production possible
Breed
Race or variety of livestock where the members are related by descent and are similar in certain distinguishable characteristics
Inbreeding
Mating of related animals
Linecrossing
Crossing different lines or unrelated animals of the same breed
Line breeding
A mild form of inbreeding
Heterosis
Production of the offspring over the average of the parents
