Breathing Circuits Flashcards
Open breathing circuit contains
No rebreathing and no reservoir
Semi-open circuit contains
No rebreathing with a reservoir
Semi-closed circuit contains
Partial rebreathing with a reservoir
Closed circuit contains
Complete rebreathing with a reservoir
A mapleson circuit is what type of circuit?
Semi-open
FGF and semi-open circuit
FGF must exceed minute ventilation
FGF and semi-closed circuit
FGF can be less than minute ventilation
FGF and closed circuit
FGF is just enough to support the patient’s gas consumption
List 4 synonyms for the adjustable pressure-limiting valve.
Pressure relief valve
Relief valve
Overspill valve
Pop-off valve
Where is the most common site for a disconnect in a breathing circuit?
The y-piece
The ASTM requires that the pressure inside an adult-sized (3 L) reservoir bag does not exceed an internal pressure of:
60 cm H2O
What are 2 causes of inspired carbon dioxide?
Incompetent unidirectional valve.
Carbon dioxide absorbent exhaustion.
What is the BEST Mapleson circuit for a spontaneously ventilating patient?
A
F
D
A
E
C
B
Which 4 components are present in a Mapleson D circuit?
Reservoir bag
Corrugated circuit tubing
Fresh gas inlet
APL valve
Which 2 components are NOT present in a Mapleson D circuit?
Unidirectional valve
CO2 absorber
Which Mapleson is the best choice for spontaneous ventilation?
A
Which Mapleson is the worst choice for spontaneous ventilation?
B
Which Mapleson is the best choice for controlled ventilation?
D
Which Mapleson is the worst choice for controlled ventilation?
A
Test used for Bain circuit
Pethick test.
Bain circuit delivers fresh gas through
the inner tube
Exhaled gas in Bain circuit travels through
outer tube (corrugated tubing)
Bain circuit uses what kind of design?
Coaxial
Why is the Pethick test used for Bain circuits?
The inner tube is at risk for kinking and disconnection
Bain circuit is what type of Mapleson system?
Modified Mapleson D
What is another name for a modified Mapleson D?
Bain System
How is the incoming fresh gas flow warmed in the Bain circuit?
By the exhaled gas
When using a Bain circuit, the FGF should be at least how many times higher than the minute ventilation?
2.5x
What are 2 the benefits of the Mapleson breathing circuits?
Low airway resistance
Simplicity of design
What are 2 disadvantages of the Mapleson breathing circuits?
Risk of rebreathing exhaled CO2. Higher fresh gas requirement.
2 benefits of using a low fresh gas flow in a circle system include
increased humidity in the system.
slower reduction in body temperature.
Which 3 factors affect the extent of rebreathing exhaled gas in the circle system?
Fresh gas flow.
Arrangement of the components in the circuit.
Proper functioning of the unidirectional valves.
Dead space in a circuit occurs at
the y-piece
Which component in the circle system protects the patient from excessive airway pressure during spontaneous ventilation?
Reservoir bag
Which components are excluded from the Mapleson circuit design?
Carbon dioxide absorber.
Unidirectional valves.
Which Mapleson circuit does not include an APL valve or reservoir bag?
Mapleson E
Mapleson E is also called
Ayre’s T-piece
Which Mapleson circuit is MOST likely to cause hypercarbia during controlled ventilation.
A
Which circuit does not contain dead space?
Open
Which Mapleson circuits are MOST likely to be encountered in modern anesthetic practice?
D, F, E
What 3 Mapleson systems are part of the “T-piece” group
D, F, E
Which Mapleson system is the reverse set up of the Mapleson A?
Mapleson D
Where does fresh gas enter for D, F, E systems
At the proximal end of the circuit
Where is the APL valve located for D, F, E systems
Distally near the reservoir bag
A Mapleson circuits are examples of a
semiopen circuit.
Which circuit contains a reservoir bag but does not allow rebreathing of exhaled gases?
Semiopen
A circle system with a fresh gas flow of 3 L/min is an example of a/an:
semiclosed circuit.
