Breathing and Respiration Y8 Flashcards
Plasma
Liquid part of the blood
Haemoglobin
Substance found in red blood cells that carries oxygen
Platelets
Tiny fragments of cells in the blood which help the blood to clot
Respiration
A process in a cell in which energy is released from glucose so it can be used by the cell
Aerobic Respiration
A type of respiration which needs oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration
A type of respiration that does not need oxygen
Mitochondria
Part of the cell in which respiration occurs
Gas exchange
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, e.g. in the lungs
Breathing
The movement of muscles that make the lungs expand and contract
Ventilation
Movement of air in and out of the lungs
Inhalation
Breathing In
Exhalation
Breathing Out
Cilia
Small hair-like structures found on cells lining the air passages
Alveoli
Tiny pockets in the lung where gases are exchanged
Capillary
A tiny thin-walled blood vessel that e.g. delivers oxygen and nutrients to cell
Diffusion
When particles move from a high to low concentration e.g. oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood in the lungs
Tissue Fluid
Liquid that surrounds cells. Forms when plasma leaks out of the capillaries, carrying oxygen and glucose to cells
Vein
Blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries to the heart
Carbon Monoxide
Poisonous gas found in cigarette smoke that prevents blood from carrying oxygen
Emphysema
Disease of the lungs where alveoli are damaged
Nicotine
Addictive drug found in cigarette smoke
Tar
Substance found in cigarette smoke that can cause cancer
Correlation
A relationship between 2 variables
Stomata
Tiny holes in a leaf through which gases enter and leave by diffusion
Lactic Acid
Substance produced by muscle cells when they respire anaerobically
