Breathing And Respiration Flashcards
Organ system
An organ system is lots of organs working together to carry out a particular process
E.g- Reproductive, digestive system, circulatory, nervous, respiratory, skeletal, excretory, immune.
Aerobic
Aerobic processes eg respiration use the oxygen that is in air
Digestive system
This is responsible for getting the glucose into our bodies.
Respiratory system
This is responsible for oxygen entering our bodies and carbon dioxide leaving. It consists of the lungs and many tubes.
Alveoli
Alveoli are the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles, where gas exchange occurs
Thorax
The thorax is the chest cavity, and contains the heart and lungs. It is separated from the digestive system by a sheet of muscle called the diaphragm.
Abdomen
The abdomen is below the thorax and contains the stomach, intestines and other digestive organs.
Trachea
Also called the wind pipe, it is the start of the respiratory tubes. It is held open by rings of cartilage.
Bronchus
There are two of these leading off from the trachea, and going to each lung.
Bronchioles
These are small branches coming off the bronchi and ending in an alveolus.
Pleural membranes
These are two thin membranes that line the inside of the rib cage, and surround each lung. There is a pleural fluid between them which lubricates the inside of the lungs preventing them getting damaged by the rib cage
Ventilation
Is the movement of air in and out of the lungs by breathing in and out (inhalation and exhalation)
Gas exchange
The movement of gas in or out of our bodies- waste gases removed and oxygen absorbed
Exhaling
Breathing out
Inhaling
Breathing in
Intercostal muscles
These are the muscles between the ribs, that help move the rib cage
Volume
The amount of space within the lungs
Pressure
The pressure is the force exerted by the air in the confined space of the lungs
When we inhale
diaphragm moves down, and the rib cage moves up and out
When we exhale
diaphragm moves up, and the rib cage moves down and in
Concentration
The amount of oxygen or carbon dioxide within the alveoli.
Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of gases or liquids from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, down a concentration gradient. This does not require energy.
Asthma
Asthma is when you have difficulty breathing. You can make a wheezy sound and it develops because the bronchial tubes are swollen or inflammed.
Respiration
Respiration is a chemical reaction resulting in the release of energy from glucose and oxygen
