Breathing and Gas exchange

Question 1

Name 10 things in and around the lungs

Answer 1

Larynx, Ring of cartilage, alveoli, pleural membranes, ribs, internal intercostal muscle, external intercostal muscle, bronchioles, trachea

Question 2

Describe the flow of air

Answer 2

When we breathe in it goes down the trachea, into the two bronchi. Each bronchus divides into smaller tubes called Bronchioles eventually ending up in the alveoli.

Question 3

What does the cartilage do?

Answer 3

Support the airways

Question 4

What do the pleural membranes do?

Answer 4

Make an airtight shell around the lungs. In between there is the pleural cavity containing pleural fluid acting as a lubricant.

Question 5

How is the airways kept clean?

Answer 5

The airways are lined with cells that can secrete mucus trapping and catching dirt/bacteria or covered with Cilia. They beat backwards and forewords sending the mucus to the mouth.

Question 6

Diaphragm when we breathe in/out?

Answer 6

In-Diaghagm contracts, Ext Inter Musc contract ribs up/out Out-Diaphragm relax/dome shaped Intern Inter Musc contract ribs down/in

Question 7

Describe Aveoli

Answer 7

Red blood cells in, oxygen diffuses through one cell thick wall to re oxygenate the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses the other way. Gain O2 loss CO2

Question 8

The affects of smoking

Answer 8

Burns the cilia allowing mucus to form. Emphysema, decreases the surface area of the alveoli making it inefficient.