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Semester 5 PMCP Exam 2 > Breath Sounds > Flashcards

Breath Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

Which position is the best to listen to breath sounds

A

sitting up

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2
Q

which way should the patient breath in and out when listening to breath sounds

A

in and out through the mouth rather than the nose

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3
Q

how do ventilation and airflow rate changes affect breath sound intensity?

A
  • increase sound of turbulent flow with a bigger breath

- when listening to lung sounds you are hearing the turbulence of air flowing in and out of the lungs

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4
Q

3 normal breath sounds

A

bronchial, bronchovesicular, vesicular

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5
Q

Bronchial breath sounds (normal)

A

listen around the trachea

will hear a break between inspiration and expiration because it is close to the surface

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6
Q

Bronchial breath sounds (abnormal)

A

will be loud and harsh

only listen anteriorly around the trachea (for normal and abnormal)

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7
Q

Bronchovesicular

A
  • normal

- mainstem bronchi, larger airways

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8
Q

Vesicular

A
  • normal
  • periphery of lung
  • largest listening area
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9
Q

location of lungs

A

above the clavicle and down to the 7th or 8th rib

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10
Q

how many listening spots on front and back

A

11 on front

14 on back

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11
Q

why do you listen lower on the right than the left side

A

right side lower because there are 3 lobes and because the left has the heart (only 2 lobes)

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12
Q

T/F if you hear bronchial sounds anywhere else in the lung (besides bronchial area) these sounds would be considered abnormal

A

true

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13
Q

normal breath sounds (listening)

A
  • bronchial: hear break
  • BV: no break because you are listening lower in the lung
  • vesicular: heard louder during inspiration than expiration
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14
Q

which normal breath sound is the highest pitch

A

bronchial (normal)

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15
Q

this breath sound is heard during expiration and inspriation

A

bronchial (normal)

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16
Q

bronchial breath sound info (normal)

A
  • sound is described as tracheal because of position
  • highest pitch
  • break heard between phases
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17
Q

bronchovesicular breath sound info

A
  • high pitched but not as high as bronchial
  • no pause between inspiration and expiration
  • beard best when lung tissue is close to the surface
  • louder on back and on R side than L
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18
Q

when listening to bronchovesicular breath sounds, have the patient do this to hear the sound more clearly

A

lean forward so the lung tissue is closer to the surface. louder on R side because R side has mainstem bronchi that is more vertical and longer than on the L side

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19
Q

Vesicular breath sounds

A
  • heard over remaining peripheral lung
  • softer sounds
  • longer inspiratory phase
  • listening to smaller airway areas (alveoli)
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20
Q

Infants and children have louder, harsher breath sounds because their chest wall and airway are closer to the surface = which breath sound?

A

vesicular (longer inspiratory phase)

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21
Q

3 abnormal breath sounds

A

bronchial, decreased, absent

22
Q

abnormal bronchial breath sounds aka = ?

A

tubular

23
Q

bronchial breath sounds (abnormal)

A
  • occur in peripheral lung when it becomes airless: partially or completely
  • due to obstruction from secretions or compression from extrapulmonary source (fluid or tumor)
24
Q

description of bronchial breath sounds (abnormal)

A

Will be loud in the spot with mucus, and diminished sounds will be heard below that because airway is blocked below the mucus/tumor area

25
Q

Define consolidation

A
  • glob of mucus, fluid, etc that transmits sound waves better
  • associated with abnormal bronchial breath sounds
26
Q

Decreased/absent breath sounds

A

normal vesicular sounds are further diminished/absent

27
Q

cause of Decreased/absent breath sounds

A
  • internal pulmonary pathology (emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis)
  • or can be secondary to a nonpulmonary condition
  • extrapulmonary = tumors, neuromuscular weakness, deformities
28
Q

decreased/absent sound info

A
  • sounds are normal but not as loud

- COPD: absent breath sounds in lower part of lung because alveoli have collapsed

29
Q

extrapulmonary conditions

A

tumors, neuromuscular weakness, deformities

30
Q

internal pulmonary conditions

A

emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis

31
Q

hyperinflated lungs = which pathologies

A

COPD and emphysema

32
Q

when do you use voice transmission

A

when you hear abnormal breath sounds (used to confirm or refute abnormal sounds)

33
Q

Egophony

A
  • nasal/bleeting
  • best for detecting pleural effusion
  • say EE but hear AA
34
Q

Bronchophony

A
  • pt says 99
  • hear over dense, airless lung tissue
  • hear 99 more clearly if there is pathology
  • pathology transmits sound better (pitch will be lower if normal)
35
Q

Whispered pectoriloquy

A
  • pt says 1,2,3
  • hear over area of dense airless lung tissue (atelectasis)
  • if NORMAL, will NOT be able to hear pt say 1,2,3
36
Q

is sound more clear in normal or abnormal tissue when listening to voice transmission?

A

sound is more clear in abnormal tissue because abnormal tissue transmits sound better (will be muffled in normal healthy lung tissue and will be harder to understand what the pt is saying)

37
Q

Adventitious breath sounds (layman’s terms explanation)

A

sounds are supimposed on normal tissue/sound

- extra sounds heard on top of normal breath sounds

38
Q

Adventitious breath sounds PP slide defintions

A
  • extraneous noises produced over the bronchopulmonary tree

- indication of an abnormal process/condition

39
Q

Adventitious breath sounds are classified as what 3 things?

A

crackle (rales), rhonchi, and wheezes

40
Q

Crackles

A
  • discontinuous low pitched sounds that occur primarily during inspiration
  • peripheral airway process (vesicular area)
  • sounds like airway snapping open (alveoli) (static)
41
Q

Rhonchi

A
  • low pitched continuous sounds that occur during inspiration and expriation
  • sound like snoring
  • obstructive process in larger more central airways due to something big blocking
42
Q

crackles are heard in which area of the lung

A

vesicular areas

43
Q

Wheezes

A
  • continuous but high pitched sound that occurs during expiration
  • indicative of bronchospasms
  • if heard during inspiration may be due to air moving through secretions
  • difficulty getting air in (asthma)
44
Q

caused by bronchospasms

A

wheezes

45
Q

Pleural friction rub

A
  • heard at lower lateral chest areas
  • hear more with inspiration than expiration
  • sound like: leather rubbing together, sandpaper, or elastic of sports bra
  • occurs with each inspiration and expriation
  • can be spontaneous
  • inflammatory process
46
Q

rubbing of outer portion of lung tissue with the pleural cavity (treat w/ meds/anti-inflammatories) = which sound

A

pleural friction rub

47
Q

this sound is heard at the lower lateral chest areas (abnormal)

A

pleural friction rub

48
Q

this adventitious breath sound is discontinuous and low pitched and is heard primarily during inspiration

A

crackles

49
Q

low pitched continuous sound (adventitious)

A

rhonchi

50
Q

continuous high pitched sound that occurs mainly with expiration

A

wheezing

Semester 5 PMCP Exam 2 (3 decks)

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