Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Breast Conditions > Breast Lumps > Flashcards

Breast Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cornerstones of triple assessment of breast lumps.

A

Clinical.
Imaging.
Pathology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you look at clinically when presented with a breast lump. (2)

A

History.

Examination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What imaging is used to assess a breast lump. (2)

A

Mammography (if >35).

Ultrasound (if

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is used to assess the pathology of a breast lump. (2)

A 
Fine needle aspiration cytology (for cystic lump with bloody fluid, if clear fluid, just reassure patient). 
Core biopsy (for residual mass (cystic) and solid lumps).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a fibroadenoma.

A

A benign overgrowth of collagenous mesenchyme of one breast lobule. (An aberration of normal tissue development.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do fibroadenomas arise from.

A

From whole lobules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When do fibroadenomas tend to occur.

A

They peak in the 3rd decade.

But they may occur at any age.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the symptoms of fibroadenomas. (2)

A

Lump.

Usually painless.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the physical findings of a breast lump. (5)

A 
Firm.
Smooth. 
Rubbery. 
Highly mobile lump. 
There may be multiple.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the prognosis for patients with fibroadenomas. (3)

A

1/3 regress.
1/3 stay the same.
1/3 grow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What part of the lobules do fibroadenomas affect.

A

The terminal duct lobules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the epidemiology of fibroadenomas.

A

They are the second most common cause of breast lumps in women under 35.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a breast cyst.

A

Smooth fluid-filled sacs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do breast cysts do to the breast lobules.(2)

A

They cause an enlarged involuted lobule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the symptoms of breast cysts.

A

They are lumps which may be painful or painless.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes a painful breast cyst.

A

High pressure in the cystic sac.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the physical findings in a breast cyst. (4)

A

Soft and fluctuant lumps when the sac pressure is low.
Hard and painful lumps when the sac pressure is high.
They are not fixed to the surrounding tissue.

18
Q

Do breast cysts occur alone or in clusters.

A

Either. They may be solitary or they may occur in clusters.

19
Q

Who are breast cysts common in. (2)

A

Perimenopausal women

20
Q

Are breast cysts benign of malignant.

A

Benign.

21
Q

What is the prognosis for patients with breast cysts.

A

They commonly recur.

There is a slight increase in risk of breast cancer with cystic disease.

22
Q

How is the diagnosis for a breast cyst reached.

A

Aspiration.

23
Q

What is a fat necrotic of the breast.

A

It is fibrosis and calcification after injury to the breast tissue.

24
Q

What is the primary cause of fat necrosis of the breast.

A

Trauma.

25
Q

What is felt on physical examination of the breast in fat necrosis.

A

A firm lump.

26
Q

What other sign may be present if there is fat necrosis.

A

Associated haematoma.

27
Q

What is the difficulty in diagnosis fat necrosis.

A

It is difficult to differentiate from carcinoma on clinical exam.

28
Q

What is the prognosis for fat necrosis of the breast.

A

It usually resolves spontaneously.

29
Q

What is a lipoma.

A

A common benign neoplasm composed of adipose tissue

30
Q

What is duct ectasia. (2)

A

It is a normal change in which the ducts shorten and widen during breast involution in later life.
The ducts become blocked and secretions stagnate.

31
Q

What are the clinical signs of duct ectasia. (3)

A 
Lump. 
Nipple discharge (may be bloody, green or brown). 
Nipple retraction (usually slit-life).
32
Q

What is a phyllodes tumour.

A

It is an uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasm.

33
Q

Are phyllodes tumours malignant or benign. (2)

A

The majority are benign, but may recur after excision.

They may be malignant, but metastases is very uncommon.

34
Q

What are the clinical features of phyllodes tumours. (2)

A

Firm lump.

Size may increase rapidly.

35
Q

What is duct papilloma.

A

A common benign neoplasm that grows within the milk duct of the breast.

36
Q

Where in the breast does duct papilloma occur.

A

Often occurs in the subareolar ducts.

37
Q

What are the clinical features of duct papilloma. (2)

A

Single or multiple lumps.

There is nipple discharge which may be bloody.

38
Q

When in life does duct ectasia usually occur.

A

Typically occurs around menopause.

39
Q

Where do phyllodes tumours arise from.

A

They form from the periductal stromal cells of the breast..

40
Q

What percentage of breast neoplasms do phyllodes tumours account for.

A

Less than 1%.

41
Q

What are the clinical findings in a patient with a lipoma. (4)

A

Smooth, imprecise margins.
Slight fluctuance.
Not fixed to skin or deep structures.
Not usually painful.

Breast Conditions (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions