Breast Examination

Question 1

What are DCIS and LCIS?

Answer 1

Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS): abnormal cells inside the mammary ducts of the breast. These abnormal cells have not yet invaded out of the mammary ducts. It can be seen on mammogram and is non-invasive or pre-invasive breast cancer.

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): abnormal cells inside the lobules of the breast. It is not cancerous but is associated with a small increased breast cancer risk.

Question 2

What is Paget’s disease of the breast?

Answer 2

Paget’s disease of the breast is a rare association with breast cancer. It causes eczema-like changes of the nipple and areola.

Question 3

What are the benign differentials for a breast lump?

Answer 3

Fibroadenoma
Fibrocystic disease
Cyst
Lipoma
Fat necrosis
Duct ectasia
Duct papilloma

Question 4

∆∆ breast lump

Answer 4

Question 5

Breast dimpling?

Answer 5

Question 6

Triple assessment of a breast lump

Answer 6

Question 7

Breast cancer treatment

Answer 7

Question 8

Scoring of triple assessment

Answer 8

Question 9

Screening for breast cancer

Answer 9

Question 10

What investigations may be done in addition to triple assessment?

Answer 10

USS if palpable lump
CT scan if advanced disease

Question 11

2WW referral criteria for breast cancer

Answer 11

Question 12

Surgery types for breast cancer

Answer 12

Offer radiotherapy if have lumpectomy OR residual nodal disease or within margins OR WLE (breast conserving surgery; without = 40% recurrence)

Question 13

Management of breast cancer with normal vs abnormal

Answer 13

Question 14

Immuno/chemotherapy for breast cancer

Answer 14

Question 15

Breast implants - silicone gel vs saline solution

Answer 15

Question 16

Insertion of breast implants

Answer 16

Question 17

Complications of breast implants

Answer 17