Breast - Benign Disease Flashcards
Failure of development of the breast at puberty is uncommon- this is usually related to what condition?
Turner’s syndrome
When is a fibroadenoma most likely to be diagnosed?
In the early reproductive years, most commonly the 3rd decade
What are the 3 potential outcomes of a fibroadenoma?
1/3rd regress, 1/3rd stay the same, 1/3rd get bigger
When should a fibroadenoma be excised?
If it is growing or changing, or if it is > 3cm
Fibrocystic change can affect women of any reproductive age, but is most common when?
Aged 40-50
What are the main symptoms of fibrocystic change?
A discrete lump or lumpy breasts, and cyclical pain
What benign breast lesion is this describing: a circumscribed lesion composed of cell types normal to the breast but present in an abnormal proportion or distribution?
Hamartoma
Why may sclerosing lesions of the breast mimic carcinoma?
Because the mass can feel irregular and they are histologically similar
Which sclerosing lesions of the breast are not malignant per se but may show epithelial proliferation, and in situ or invasive carcinomas may occur within them?
Radial scar and complex sclerosing lesion
What is the difference between a radial scar and a complex sclerosing lesion?
Radial scar = 1-9mm, complex sclerosing lesion = > 9mm
What treatment is required for sclerosing lesions of the breast?
Excision
What is usually the cause of fat necrosis of the breast? What medication may be implicated?
Local trauma / warfarin
How does fat necrosis usually present?
A hard, painless lump
What is the biggest risk factor for developing duct ectasia?
Smoking
When does duct ectasia typically occur?
Around the menopause
Breast pain, bloody and/or purulent nipple discharge and nipple retraction/distortion are features of what benign breast condition?
Duct ectasia
Which benign breast condition may be described as feeling like a ‘bag of worms’?
Duct ectasia
What are the two main aetiologies behind acute mastitis and breast abscess?
Lactation and duct ectasia
Lactational mastitis or breast abscess is most likely to be caused by which organism?
Staph Aureus
How should breast mastitis be treated? What additional treatment is required for a breast abscess?
Antibiotics (usually flucloxacillin) / aspiration or incision and drainage is also required for an abscess
What is the advice given regarding breastfeeding to women with lactational mastitis or breast abscess?
Continue breastfeeding
If a case of mastitis is unresponsive to antibiotic therapy, and is spread all over the breast, what other diagnosis must be considered?
Inflammatory breast cancer
What are some measures which may improve cyclical mastalgia?
A firm, well-fitting bra, exercise, evening primrose oil
What may be a useful treatment for non-cyclical mastalgia?
Topical NSAIDs
