Breast

Question 1

Clinical features

Answer 1

Painless
Hardness
Irregularities
Focal nodularity
Asymmetry
Fixation to skin or muscle
Blood stain nipple discharge
Restriction of the nipple

Question 2

Indication for mammography
(Hint:Mammography)

Answer 2

• PRESENCE OF MULTICENRICITY
OR MULTIFOCALITY
• _ FOLLOW UP AFTER PREVIOUS
TREATMENT
• _ DETERMING PRESENCE OF
MALIGNANCY IN OPPOSITE BREAST
• _CONFIRM PALPABLE EXISTING MASS

Question 3

Features of a mammogram

Answer 3

– FEATURES –MICROCALCIFICATION
– SOFT TISSUE OPACITY
– SPICULATION
– ARCHITECTURAL
DISTORTION
– SKIN CHANGES
– INDICATED IN PATIENT > 40YRS

Question 4

Features of Ultrasound

Answer 4

• FEATURES INCLUDES
– POORLY DEFINED BORDERS
– HETEROGENOUS INTERNAL ECHOES
– DISTRUPTION OF TISSUE LAYER
– IRREGULAR SHADOWING
– SUPERFICIAL ECHO ENHANCEMENT

Question 5

FACTORS INFLUENCING
CHOICE OF TREATMENT

Answer 5

• CLINICAL STAGE_EARLY—1 AND 2
• LATE __ 3 AND 4
• TUMOR GRADE
• HORMONAL RECEPTOR STATUS
• MENSTRAL STATUS
• MULTICENTRICITY
• SIZE OF THE BREAST

Question 6

FACTOR AFFECTING
PROGNOSIS

Answer 6

• ABSENCE OR PRESENCE OF AXILLARY
NODE METASTASIS
• PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SYSTEMIC
DISSEMINATION
• MENSTRUAL STATUS OF THE PATIENT
• BIOLOGICAL PROPENCITY AND GRADE OF
THE TUMOR
• SIZE OF THE TUMOR AT TIME OF DIAGNOSIS
• HORMONE DEPENDENCE

Question 7

CARCINOMA IN-SITU

Answer 7

LOCALIZED-WIDE LOAL EXCISION PLUS
IRRADIATION
– MULTICENTRAL-TOTAL MASTECTOMY
PLUS AXILLARY CLEARANCE

Question 8

ADVANCE CARCINOMA>3CM

Answer 8

• ER= -CCC(NEOADJUVANT )
• TOTAL MASTECTOMY PLUS AXILLARY
CLEARANCE
• ADJUVANT CCC FOR 3 MONTH
IF ER+ TUMOR ,HT IS ADDED