Brandl's Basics

Question 1

Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 1

(Non-DHP and DHP)

For HTN

LTCC - Found on heart and Vascular SM
Heart - on AVN, SAN, myocytes
SM - on VSM
If Blocked
Heart - vasodilation
SM - decreased HR, AL, IS

DHP: Block LTCC on SM (ex: amlopdipine)
Non-DHP: Block LTCC on heart and VSM (ex: verapamil, diltiazem)

AEs:
DHP: Hypotension, headache, peripheral edema
Non-DHP: Hypotension, AV block (lowers AV Conduction), bradycardia (lowers HR), HF (lowers IS), Constipation (Verapamil)

Question 2

First Line Agents for HTN

Answer 2

Thiazide Diuretics
CCBs
ARBs
ACEIs

Question 3

ARBs

Answer 3

“Sartans” (ex: Losartan)

For HTN, HFrEF, MI, renal protection

MOA: Blocks AT1 in RAS

AEs: Hyperkalemia, CI in pregnancy

Question 4

ACEIs

Answer 4

“prils” (ex: Enalapril)

For HTN, HFrEF, MI, renal protection

MOA: Blocks ACE in RAS

AEs: Cough, Angioedema (increased BK)
Hyperkalemia, CI in pregnancy