Branches of chemistry and Chemical bonding

Question 1

Branches of chemistry

Answer 1

1. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon and its compounds. It is the study of the chemistry of life and reactions occurring in living organisms.
2. Inorganic chemistry is the study of compounds that don’t contain a C-H bond
3. Applied chemistry
4. Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur inside of living organisms
5. Industrial chemistry
6. Environmental chemistry

Question 2

Chemical bonding

Answer 2

Chemical combination between two or more atoms of different elements is referred to as chemical bonding or chemical bond formation.

Question 3

Types of bonding

Answer 3

There are three types of bonding’s:
1. Ionic bonding
2. Covalent bonding
3. Coordinate covalent
bonding

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

It is a complete electron transfer and the completion of the octet of combining atoms. It is a type of chemical bonding which involves the generation of positive and negative ions and electrostatic forces of attraction. For example sodium chloride

Question 5

Covalent bonding

Answer 5

It is the partial electron transfer and mutual sharing. Single covalent bond and its example are HCl, Cl2, CH4.
Double covalent bond and its examples are C2H4.
Triple covalent bonds examples are C2H2

Question 6

Coordinate covalent bond

Answer 6

They are lone pairs. The donor -acceptor examples are: H2O2, NH4+, H3O+

Question 7

Characteristics of ionic compounds

Answer 7

1. They are crystalline solids at room temperature
2. They exhibit higher melting and boiling points as compared to covalent compounds described under the covalent bonds.
3. The ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten or solution state