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Neuroscience > Brainstem > Flashcards

Brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

Midbrain Segments

A

Tectum
Tegmentum
Pedunculi

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2
Q

Pons Segments

A

Basliar

Pontine tegmentum

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3
Q

Medulla oblongata sections

A

Rostral
caudal
cervicomedullary jxn

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4
Q

Reticular Formations

A 
Intricate system of neurons
Function
arousal, awareness
reticular activating system
motor awareness
autonomic regulation

basically runs all of brain stem

superior part is conscious state
inferior part motor function

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5
Q

Midbrain CN

A

3 and 4

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6
Q

Pons CN

A

5-8

appear in the pontine tegmentum

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7
Q

Medulla oblongata CN

A

6-12

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8
Q

Midbrain major associations

A

vision, hearing, motor control, sleep wake, alertness, temp reg

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9
Q

pons major associations

A

sleep, respiration, swallowing bladder control, main connection to cerebellum

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10
Q

medulla major associations

A

HR, BP, breathing swallowing, autonomic control

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11
Q

Midbrain tectum structures

A

superior colliculi

inferior colliculi

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12
Q

Midbrain tegmentum structures

A 
substantia Nigra
ventral tegmental area
red nuclei
oculomotor nuclei
trochlear nuclei
superior cerebellar peduncle
raphe nuclei
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13
Q

midbrain basis pedunculi

A

crus cerbri

cerebral peduncle

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14
Q

midbrain shared structure for tectum and tegmentum

A

periaqueductal gray

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15
Q

superior colliculi

A

rostral Tectum

Visual relay station
afferent fibers from retina
efferent fibers to cervical spine

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16
Q

Inferior colliculi

A

caudal tectum

auditory relay station
afferent from cochlea, superior olivary, trapezoid nuclei
efferent to thalamus

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17
Q

substatia nigra

A

tegmentum

part of basal ganglia
mvmt
major dopamine producing and storage

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18
Q

ventral tegmental area

A

rostral tegmentum

one of the largest collections of dopamine production
plays role reward system

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19
Q

red nuclei

A

rostral tegmentum

motor coordination, motor control

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20
Q

oculomotor nuclei

A

rostral tegmentum

CN3

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21
Q

trochlear nuclei

A

caudal tegmentum

CN4

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22
Q

superior cerebellar peduncle

A

caudal tegmentum

relay station for cerebellum afferent and efferent

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23
Q

raphe nuclei

A

caudal tegmentum

major serotonin production

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24
Q

crus cerebri

A

basis pedunculi

large bundles of somatotopically organized axons
motor

25
Q

cerebral peduncle

A

basis pedunculi + Substatia nigra

two stalks that attach cerebrum to brainstem at ventral surface of midbrain from ventral pons

large descending motor nerve tracts

26
Q

periaqueductal gray

A

tectum tegmentum

gray matter surrounding cerebral aqueduct
pain modulation (inhib), autonomic reg, emotion
27
Q

2 aqueducts in midbrain

A

dorsal and cerebral

28
Q

Pons basilar structures

A

deep pontine nuclei

29
Q

Pons pontine tegmentum structures

A 
trigeminal, abducens, facial and vestibular nuclei
half of cerebellar peduncles 
half of cerebellar peduncles -caudal side
deep cerebellar nuclei
locus ceruleus
raphe nuclei
superior olivary complex
trapezoid body
30
Q

Deep pontine nuclei

A

Basilar pons

project contralateral cerebellar hemispheres via middle cerebral peduncle
conveys info from the moro cortex to the cerebellum regarding intended mvmt
(what we want to do with our movement)

31
Q

trigeminal nuclei

A

Pontine Tegmentum

CN5

32
Q

Abducens Nuclei

A

Pontine Tegmentum

CN6

33
Q

Facial Nuclei

A

Pontine Tegmentum

CN7

34
Q

vestibular nuclei

A

Pontine Tegmentum

CN8

35
Q

cerebellar peduncles

A

Superior and middle: Pontine tegmentum
Inferior: caudal pontine tegmentum

•Superior Cerebellar Peduncle: afferent & efferent fibers between cerebellum and midbrain
•Middle Cerebellar Peduncle: AFFERENT FIBERS ONLY, between cerebellum and pons
•Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle: afferent and efferent fibers between cerebellum and medulla
ALL COMMUNICATE TO CEREBELLUM

36
Q

deep cerebellar nuclei

A

Pontine Tegmentum

primary output target for all info coming out of cerebellum

37
Q

Locus ceruleus

A

Pontine Tegmentum

primary site of norepi production in brain

38
Q

ralphe nuclei

A

major serotonin producer

39
Q

superior olivary complex

A

Pontine Tegmentum

contribute to ascending and descending input for auditory fx

40
Q

trapezoid body

A

Pontine Tegmentum

ascending auditory pathway fibers carrying info from cochlea and decussate (flip flop sides) before traveling to superior olivary nuclei

localization of sound

41
Q

rostral Medulla

A 
medullary pyramids
inferior cerebellar peduncle 
open medulla
inferior olivary nuclei
vestibular, solitary, Nu. ambiguous, spinal trigeminal nuclei
area postrema
nuclei gracilis
nuclei cuneatus
42
Q

Caudal medulla

A 
medullary pyramids
inferior olivary nuclei
solitary nuclei
nuclei ambiguous
vagus motor nuclei
hypoglossal nuclei
medial lemniscus decussation
43
Q

Cervicomedullary Jxn Medulla

A

pyramidal decussation

spinal accessory nuclei

44
Q

medullary pyramids

A

rostral and caudal

paired white mater structures in ventral medulla contain descending motor fibers of corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts - together as pyramid tracts

45
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

rostral

afferent and efferent fibers between cerebellum and medula

46
Q

open medulla

A

rostal

ventral wall of 4th ventricle

47
Q

inferior olivary nuclei

A

rostral and caudal

accepts motor and sensory input from multitude of sources and projects info about muscle and limb mvmt through inferior cerebellar peduncle

48
Q

vestibular nuclei

A

rostal

CN8

49
Q

solitary nuclei

A

rostal caudal

CN 7,9,10

50
Q

Nuclei ambiguous

A

Rostral caudal

9, 10, 11

51
Q

Spinal trigeminal

A

rostral

CN5, 7, 9, 10

52
Q

area postrema

A

rostral

brainstem circumventricular organ
vomiting center
PTSD from vomiting

53
Q

nuclei gracilis

A

rostral

gives rise to dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway - major somatosensory pathway - touch, light touch, vibration, proprioception of muscles T6 and below (lower body)

54
Q

Nuclei Cuneatus

A

Rostral

gives rise to dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway - major ascending somatosensory - touch, light touch, vibration, proprioception of muscles T6 and above (Upper body)

55
Q

vagus motor nuclei

A

caudal

CN10

56
Q

hypoglossal nuclei

A

caudal

CN 12

57
Q

medial lemniscus decussation

A

caudal

crossing of the medial lemniscal dorsal pathway carring afferent somatosensory info

58
Q

pyramidal decussation

A

cervicomedullary jx

crossing of pyramidal tracts (motor)

59
Q

spinal accessory nuclei

A

cervicomedullary jx

CN11

Neuroscience (5 decks)

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