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Brainstem and cranial nerves > Brainstem 1 > Flashcards

Brainstem 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How does CN VII exit the skull?

A

via the stylomastoid foramen.

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2
Q

The Branchial motor portion of CN IX innervates 1 muscle what is it?

A

Stylopharyngeus

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3
Q

Movements of the stapes are dampened by?

A

Stapedius (innervated by CN VII)

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4
Q

Primary sensory taste fibers have their cell bodies in the?

A

Geniculate ganglion

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5
Q

What are the 3 Nuclei associated with CN V

A

Mesenchephalic, Chief, and Spinal Trigeminal

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6
Q

fibers arising from ____________ with additional contributions from the ____________ ascend in the MLF to the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nuclei, to mediate the VOR

A

Medial vestibular nucleus, and superior vestibular nucleus.

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7
Q

Function of General somatic sensory (GSA)

A

Touch, pain, temperature, position, vibration sense for face, sinuses, and meninges.

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8
Q

2 small branches of the facial nerve?

A

Greater petrosal nerve, Chorda tympani

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9
Q

Oculomotor and Trochlear CN nuclei are located?

A

In the midbrain

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10
Q

Parasympathetic (GVE) include which CN nuclei?

A

Edinger-Westphal nucleus, Superior salivatory nucleus, Inferior salivatory nucleus, Dorsal motor nucleus of X

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11
Q

How does CN XII leave the skull?

A

via the hypoglossal canal

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12
Q

Visceral sensory (GVA) include which CN nuclei?

A

Nucleus solitarius, (caudal portion of Cardiorespiratory nucleus)

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13
Q

Brainstem nuclei of Special somatic sensory (SSA)

A

Cochlear nuclei, vestibular nuclei

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14
Q

In the Rinne test AC > BC if hot then it indicates?

A

Conductive hearing loss

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15
Q

Functions of Parasympathetic (GVE)

A

Parasympathetic innervation of the head of the thoracoabdominal visera above the splenic flexure

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16
Q

Brainstem nuclei of the Branchial motor (SVE).

A

Motor nucleus of CN V, Facial nucleus, Nucleus ambiguus, Accessory spinal nucleus

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17
Q

Brainstem nuceli of Visceral sensory (SVA)

A

Nucleus solitarius (rostral, gustatory nucleus)

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18
Q

Bony labyrinth is filled with a fluid called?

A

Perilymph

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19
Q

Membranous labyrinth includes what structures?

A

Cochlear duct, utricle, saccule, semicircular canals

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20
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve originate in the ?

A

Superior salivatory nucleus.

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21
Q

Inferior vestibular ganglion receives input from the?

A

Posterior saccule and posterior semicircular canals

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22
Q

Visceral sensory (SVA) include which CN nuclei?

A

Nucleus solitarius, (rostral portion of gustatory nucleus)

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23
Q

Prominent bulges on the rostral medulla

A

Pyramids and inferior olivary nuclei

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24
Q

4th ventricle ends caudally at the

A

Obex.

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25
Q

Sound waves transmitted by the tympanic membrane are amplified by the middle ear ossicles which are the ?

A

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

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26
Q

Foster-Kennedy syndrome presents how?

A

Anosmia, optic atrophy in one eye, papilledema in the other.

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27
Q

Brainstem nuclei of the Somatic motor (GSE)

A

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, and hypoglossal

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28
Q

The Chief nucleus and spinal trigeminal nucleus are analogous to what?

A

Posterior columns, and Anterolateral systems.

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29
Q

Function of Special somatic sensory (SSA)

A

Olfaction, vision, hearing, vestibular sensation

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30
Q

The pons is limited dorsally by the

A

4th ventricle

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31
Q

The olfactory nerves exit the skull via

A

The cribiform plate

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32
Q

Somatic motor nuclei (GSE) include which CN nuclei?

A

Oculomotor, Trochlear, Abducens, Hypoglossal

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33
Q

Pain sensation for supratentorial dura is supplied by?

A

CN V

34
Q

Along the floor of the 4th ventricle there are several bumps visible and include?

A

Facial colliculi( from abducens nuclei, and fibers of facial nerve), hypoglossal trigone, and vagal trigone (formed by hypoglossal nucleus and motor nucleus of 10)

35
Q

The pons is attached to the cerebellum via large what tracts called

A

Superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles

36
Q

CN XII controls what muscles?

A

Muscles of tongue movement.

37
Q

Lesions of the base of the frontal lobe can cause what syndrome?

A

Foster-Kennedy syndrome

38
Q

Primary sensory neurons in the spiral ganglion send their axon which division of CN VIII

A

Cochlear division.

39
Q

How do the 3 branches of CN V exit the skull?

A 
V1= Superior orbital fissure
V2= Foramen Rotundum
V3= Foramen Ovale
40
Q

Sensation of Infratentorial dura is innervated by?

A

CN X

41
Q

Lingual nerve and chorda tympani carry what fibers?

A

Special visceral sensory which mediate taste

42
Q

Functions of Branchial motor (SVE)

A

Muscles of mastication, facial expression, middle ear, pharyns, larynx, SCM, upper portion of Trapezius

43
Q

Caudally the 4th ventricle drains into the subarachnoid space via

A

Foramina of lushka (laterally), adn foramen of Magendie (midline)

44
Q

Greater petrosal nerve projects to the?

A

Lacrimal glands and nasal mucosa

45
Q

Most CN nuclei project to or receive input from predominantly 1 CN with 3 exceptions, what are they?

A

SAT. Solitarius, Ambiguus, Trigeminal.

46
Q

Function of Visceral sensory (GVA)

A

Cardio-respiratory, digestive function

47
Q

CN VIII innervates?

A

The inner ear within the temporal bone

48
Q

V3 of CN V exits the skull via?

A

Foramen Ovale

49
Q

The main nerve trunk of CN VII carries the ______ fibers controlling facial expression?

A

Branchial motor fibers

50
Q

Brainstem nuclei of General somatic sensory (GSA)

A

Trigeminal nuclei

51
Q

CN VII and CN VIII exit the cranial cavity via?

A

Internal auditory meatus to the auditory canal

52
Q

Brainstem nuclei of Visceral sensory (GVA)

A

Nucleus solitarius (caudal, Cardiorespiratory nucleus)

53
Q

Membranous labyrinth is filled with fluid called?

A

Endolymph

54
Q

Secondary taste sensory neurons then travel to the?

A

Rostral nucleus solitarius

55
Q

The lateral vestibulospinal nucleus gives rise to the ___________ which is part of the medial descending motor systems.

A

Lateral vestibulospinal tract

56
Q

V2 of CN V exits the skull via?

A

Foramen Rontundum

57
Q

Dura of the posterior fossa is innervated by?

A

CN X and upper cervical nerve roots

58
Q

Medial vestibulospinal tract extends to the _________ and is responsible for controlling __________.

A

Cervical spine, controls head and neck position.

59
Q

Optic nerve exits via

A

Optic canal

60
Q

Ventral surface of the midbrain is formed by the

A

Cerebral pedumcles

61
Q

Movements of the malleus are damped by?

A

Tensor tympani (innervated by CN V)

62
Q

Branchial motor (SVE) include which CN nuclei?

A

Motor nucleus of V, Facial Nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, Accessory spinal nucleus.

63
Q

General somatic sensory (GSA) include which CN nuclei?

A

Trigeminal nuclei

64
Q

What nerves exit via the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, VI, and V1 of CN V

65
Q

Brainstem nuclei of Parasympathetic (GVE)

A

Edinger-Westphal nucleus, Superior salivatory nucleus, Inferior salivatory nucleus, Dorsal motor nucleus of CN X.

66
Q

The superior vestibular ganglion receives input from?

A

Utricle, Anterior saccule, and anterior and lateral semicircular canals.

67
Q

Special somatic sensory (SSA) include which CN nuclei?

A

Cochlear nuclei, vestibular nuclei.

68
Q

Abducens nucleus is located in the?

A

Pons

69
Q

The smaller branch of CN VII is called the ______ and carries fibers for parasympathetic, visceral sensory, and general somatosensory functions?

A

Nervus intermedius

70
Q

Large diameter sensory neurons mediating fine touch and dental pressure enter the lateral pons and synapse?

A

at Chief trigeminal nucleus

71
Q

Chorda tympani joins the lingual nerve and travels to the?

A

Submandibular ganglion

72
Q

The medial vestibulospinal tract arises from?

A

Medial vestibular nucleus with additional contributions from the inferior vestibular nucleus.

73
Q

2 bumps on the dorsal surface of the midbrain

A

Superior Colliculi, Inferior colliculi

74
Q

CN VII innervates what muscles?

A

Muscles of facial expression

75
Q

Medial vestibular nucleus is also called?

A

Deiters’ nucleus.

76
Q

Postganglionics from the submandibular ganglion supply?

A

Submandibular and submaxillary salivary glands.

77
Q

The jugular foramen transmits which CN?

A

CN IX, X, and XI

78
Q

The lateral vestibulospinal tract runs the length of the spinal cord and is important for?

A

Maintaining balance and extensor tone.

79
Q

Functions of somatic motor (GSE)

A

Extraocular muscles, intrinsic tongue muscles

80
Q

The Labyrinth (inner ear) consists of what 2 structures??

A

Bony labyrinth, and membranous labyrinth

Brainstem and cranial nerves (5 decks)

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