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Brains Exam 3 > Brains 3 > Flashcards

Brains 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Irritation of the lateral olfactory area producing olafactory hallucinations such as burning rubber and involuntary tongue and lip movement is known as:

A

Uncinate Fits

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1
Q

Fractures to the floor of anterior cranial fossa allowing leakage of CSF is known as?

A

Rhinorrhea

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2
Q

Tumor arising from the floor of the anterior cranial fossa that impinges on olafactory bulbs is known as a:

A

Meningioma

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3
Q

Which portion of the hypothalamus regulates hunger/feeding?

A

Lateral Hypothalamus

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4
Q

Electrical stimulation to what area produces intense pleasure?

A

Septal Area

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5
Q

Lesions to what area produces Kluver Bucy Syndrome?

A

Bilateral lesions to the temporal lobe

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6
Q

What condition produces loss of fear, rage, and aggression? While also showing hyper sexuality, psychic blindness, and overly attentive to sensory stimuli.

A

Kluver Bucy Syndrome

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7
Q

Electrical stimulation to what area produces olafactory hallucinations?

A

Entorhinal Cortex

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8
Q

Functions of hippocampus? Products of lesions?

A

1) allows short term memory to be converted long term memory

2) LARGE lesions produce short term memory loss with no effect on long term

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9
Q

What two nucleuses control fluid balance and blood pressure regulation? Specifically adh and oxytocin. What happens in the event of the destruction of these two nucleuses?

A

Supraoptic and Paraventricular nucs. Diabetes Insipidus

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10
Q

How does the posterior pituitary gland communicate with the hypothalamus?

A

Hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract

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11
Q

How does the anterior pituitary gland communicate with the hypothalamus?

A

Hypophyseal Portal System

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12
Q

What’s the blood supply to the hypothalamus?

A

Perf. Branches of the Circle of Willis

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13
Q

Where do the anterior pituitary hormones get released into the blood?

A

Via the hypophyseal portal system into the cavernous sinuses

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14
Q

Function of the mu subtype of opoid:

A

SUPRASPINAL

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15
Q

What drug is a competive antagonist for the Benzo binding site, thus blocking activity of Benzo’s and Z drugs?

A

FLUMAZENIL

16
Q

What does the major adult isoform of the GABA-A receptor consist of?

A

2 alpha, 2 beta, 2 y subunits

17
Q

Where does GABA bind to on the GABA-A receptor?

A

Between the 2 alpha and 2 beta units

18
Q

If there are suspected liver problems with the patient which BENZO’s should be prescribed?

A

LOT/ On The Liver (No active metabolites)
Lorazepem
Oxazepam
Temazepam

19
Q

Binding site and action of BENZO?

A

Binds between the alpha 1 and y 2 subunit

INCREASES FREQUENCY OF CL- channel opening (MAKING BEN HAPPY ;) )

20
Q

Binding site of Z-Drugs?

A

Binds to BENZO receptor BZ-1 (omega-1)

21
Q

Action of BARB?

A

Increases DURATION of Cl- Channels (Making BARB HAPPY ;)

22
Q

Describe the half life and potential withdrawal problems with Flumazenil?

A

SHORT HALF LIFE (30-60 minutes)

-Can cause precipatated withdrawal in benzo dependant patients, including seizures and respiratory depression.

23
Q

MOA of buspirone?

A

5 HT1a partial agonist

24
Q

What is the only approved use for Buspirone?

A

General Anxiety D/O

  • 2nd line of tx. after SSRI/SNRI
  • SLOW ONSET (2-6 weeks)
25
Q

MOA of ramelton?

A

Agonist at MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receps.

  • M1 (Sleep Onset)
  • M2 (Circadium Rhythms)
  • Increased sleep time, decreased sleep latency
26
Q

What specific medical D/O’s should you be aware of when prescribing BARBS?

A

ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA and PORPHYRIA VARIEGATA

  • Because they enhance porphyria synthesis
  • ALSO THEY INDUCE CYP450 so D-D interaxns should be considered!
27
Q

In the different MOA’s of thalamus neurons describe the actions and functions of both 1) Tonic and 2) Burst firing?

A

A) -55 mV, Ca++ NOT active, Detailed Info/Focusing

B) Burst of Ca++ (ACTIVE), -70 mV, No details, also active in sleep (aware of event)

28
Q

What is the affect of a Non-Pinealocyte tumor?

A

Decreased Melatonin=Precocious Puberty! (HYPER GONADISM)

29
Q

What is the affect of a Pinealocyte tumor?

A

Increased MELATONIN (hyper active pineal gland=HYPOGONADISM)

30
Q

To which receptor does endorphins have the most affinity for?

A

Mu, receptors

31
Q

To which receptor does Enkephalics have the most affinity for?

A

Delta receptors

32
Q

To which receptor does dynorphins have the most affinity for?

A

Kappa Receptors

Brains Exam 3 (4 decks)

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