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MCAT PSYCH/SOC > brain stuff > Flashcards

brain stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

basic functions of nervous system?

A

motor (control of skeletal muscle), sensory (senses), and automatic (reflexes)

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2
Q

higher basic funct of the nervous system?

A

cognition, emotions, consciousness

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3
Q

afferent

A

= towards brain

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4
Q

efferent

A

= away from brain –> to neuromuscular junction

aka lower motor neurons (LMN)

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5
Q

fasciculation

A

involuntary twitches of skel muscle

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6
Q

hypotonia

A

decrease in tone (contraction) of skel muscle

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7
Q

hyporeflexia

A

decrease in muscle stretch reflex

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8
Q

mechanoreceptor

A

position/vibration/touch = fast

stimuli: mechanical stress, baroreceptors, sound waves, gravity

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9
Q

thick myelin sheath = fast/slow?

A

fast

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10
Q

temporal lobe

A

on the sides of temples!!

“tempo” = think auditory

& wernicke’s area (speech interpretation…)

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11
Q

frontal lobe

A

motor cortex,

prefrontal cortex (complex thinking =executive funct, surprises/direct other areas of brain),

Broca’s area (speech production)

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12
Q

parietal lobe

A

“piranha” bite you on TOP of your head, you FEEL pain.

somatosensory cortex - receiving sensory signals from skin,

& spatial manipulation

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13
Q

occipital lobe

A

picture octopus with eyes on its tentacles.

vision
“striated cortex”

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14
Q

which sense does not cross over? (R to L, L to R)

A

smell!! ipsilateral same side

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15
Q

left hemisphere (= R hand dominate) includes what features?

A

language

math

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16
Q

how does 2 hemisphere communicate?

A

corpus collosum

17
Q

old brain consists of

A

brain stem
reticular formation
thalamus
cerebellum

18
Q

reTICULar formation

A

is part of brains stem, structure runs up

send info from brain stem to other parts of the brain

filter and send info str8 to thalamus

alertness & motivation

19
Q

cerebellum

A

“ballerina bella”
must have BALANCE!!
balance voluntary movements

alcohol makes you lose balance bc of it affect this.

20
Q

brain stem

A

cross over point for nerves

medulla and pons -> control HR, breathing,

consists of : pon, medulla, reticular formation (pavlov’s really freaking mad)

21
Q

thalamus

A

above brain stem

relay station of eyes and ears info
no smell go thru!!

22
Q

position sense info

A

= info such as how much muscle is stressed

this info get send into the cerebellum and thru feedback infos, cerebellum adjust muscle movements accordingly

23
Q

pons

A

looking at “ponds” are relaxing = pons

regulate waking & relaxing

24
Q

basal ganglia

A

major role of motor functions for proper movement, cognition, emotion

deep inside brain, = a group of subcortical nuclei

25
Q

dopamine

A

small dopey PARKs the car while tall dopey SKI!!

low level = parkisons’s
high level = schizophrenia

26
Q

serotonin

A

“sex is messy from everywhere down low”

release from lots of nuclei in brain stem to all over brain!!

“sir rotten is in a rotten mood”
low level of serotonin = depression

27
Q

GABA (cns) Glycine (pns)

A

inhibitory

28
Q

glutamate

A

most common excitatory NT.

29
Q

endorphin

A

“running door with fin looking happy”

runner high
block pain

30
Q

limbic system includes:

A

hippo wearing HAT

  • hippocampus
  • hypothalamus
  • amygdala
  • thalamus

regulating emotion!! storage/retrieval of mem, esp if ties to emotion

31
Q

hippocampus key role?

A

“you need a COMPASS when you cant RECALL how to get home”

forming new mem. convert STM –>LTM

if destroyed cant make new mem = anterograde amnesia

32
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

cant make new mem! old ones remained

33
Q

hypothalamus funct?

A 
of limbic sys
regulates ANS (fight/flight vs. rest/digest) 
endocrine stuff 
hunger
sleep
thirst 
sex
body temp

(metabolic processes)

“hippo spaying 2 llamas with water to quench thirst and cool them down”

MCAT PSYCH/SOC (3 decks)

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