Brain Regulatory System Flashcards
What generates the Circadian rhythm
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
How is food intake regulated?
Following food consumption - PYY secreted from ileum & colon - Reduces appetite
When stomach is empty - Ghrelin secreted - promoting appetite
What is the role of Leptin in food intake?
Leptin regulates energy balance by inhibiting hunger
Raised level of Leptin due to excess adiposity - activates neurons in the Arcuate nucleus - containing peptides α-MSH & CART - Inhibits feeding behaviour
Decreased Leptin levels - activates neurons in Arcuate nucleus containing peptides NPY & AgRP - inhibits neurons in paraventricular nuclei - controls release of TSH & ACTH
They also activate neurons in lateral hypothalamus - Stimulates feeding behaviour
What is the Limbic system?
Integrates emotional and intellectual lives
Affects autonomic output
Participates in states that are Adaptive (Fight or Flight, Fear) & Maladaptive (Depression, anxiety)
Forms interface between sensation, cognition & emotion
Limbic sites - vulnerable to damage
What is the Amygdala?
Site for emotional memories
Active during panic attacks or PTSD flash-backs
