Brain regions Flashcards

1
Q

Medulla Oblongata origin

A

embryonic myelencephalon

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2
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

-begins at magnum foramen of skull
-continuous with spinal cord
-all nerve fibers pass through from spinal cord to brain

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3
Q

Medulla Oblongata Functions

A
  1. vasomotor
    2.cardiac
  2. respiratory
  3. reflex center
    -coughing, sneezing, gagging, ect
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4
Q

Medulla Cranial Nerves

A

VIII, IX, X, XII

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5
Q

Pons

A

anterior bulge in brainstem

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6
Q

Pons origin

A

develops from metencephalon

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7
Q

Pons Functions

A

Sensory roles: hearing, equilibrium, taste, facial sensations
Motor roles: eye movement, facial expressions, chewing, swallowing, urination, and secretion of saliva and tears

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8
Q

Pons Cranial Nerves

A

V, VI, VII, VIII

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9
Q

Mid Brain

A

-Connects forebrain to hindbrain

-Tectum, Corpora Quadrigemina, Cerebral Peduncles

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10
Q

Midbrain Origin

A

embryonic mesencephalon

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11
Q

Corpora Quadrigemina

A

superior colliculi- visual attention, tracking movment, some reflexes

inferior colliculi- relays signals from inner ear to thalamus

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12
Q

Cerebral Peduncles

A

-two anterior stalks
-anchors cerebrum to brainstem
-each has three parts; tegmentum, substantia nigra, cerebral crus

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13
Q

Tegmentum

A

connects to and from cerebellum for motor control

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14
Q

substantia nigra

A

suppresses unwanted body movement

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15
Q

Cerebral crus

A

-connects cerebrum to pons
-carries sorticospinal tract

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16
Q

The Reticular Formation

A

loose web of grey matter that runs vertically through all levels of the brainstem

17
Q

Reticular Formation Function

A

-Somatic motor control: balance, posture, motor coordination, Gaze center, patter generator for breathing and swallowing
-cardiovascular
-pain modulation
-sleep and consciousness
-habituation

18
Q

Cerebellum Functions

A

-Motor Control
-Spatial Perception
-Time Keeping
-Hearing
-Planning/ Scheduling

19
Q

Parts fo the Diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

20
Q

Thalamus Functions

A

-motor control
-memory and emotional functions

21
Q

Hypothalamus

A

forms wall and floor of thrid ventricle

22
Q

Hypothalamus functions

A

-control center of ANS and endocrine system
-homeostatic regulation
-hormone secretion
-thermoregulation
-hunger, satiety, and thirst
-Rhythm of sleeping and waking
-memory
-emotional and sexual repsonses

23
Q

Epithalamus

A

pineal gland secretes melatonin to regulate circadian rhythm

24
Q

Cerebrum

A

-Largest and most conspicuous part of human brain
-two hemispheres divied by longitudinal fissure
-connected by corpus callosum

25
Q

Frontal Lobe Functions

A

-Abstract thought
-explicit memory
-mood/emotional control
-planning
-voluntary motor control
-speech production

26
Q

Parietal Lobe Functions

A

-Taste
-Sensory Integration
-visual processing
-language processing
-numerical awareness

27
Q

Occipital Lobe Functions

A

-Visual Awareness
-Visual Proccessing

28
Q

Temporal Lobe Functions

A

-Hearing
-Smell
-Emotion
-Learning
-Memory
-Language

29
Q

Insula Functions

A

-Pain
-Taste
-Conciousness
-emotion/ empathy
-cardivascular homeostasis

30
Q

The Limbic System

A

-center for emotion and LEARNING

Cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala

-gratification and aversion

31
Q

Basal Nuclei

A

masses of cerebral grey matter deep in the white matter, lateral to thalamus