(brain) localisation of brain functions AO1

Question 1

how many hemispheres is brain split into (cerebrum)

Answer 1

2 - left & right

Question 2

what are the 2 hemispheres connected by

Answer 2

corpus callosum

Question 3

how many lobes do the hemispheres have & name them

Answer 3

4
- frontal lobe
- temporal lobe
- parietal lobe
- occipital

Question 4

name 2 other components of brain other than lobes

Answer 4

• cerebellum
• brain stem

Question 5

what is the left/right hemisphere associated with

Answer 5

left = language, reading etc.
right = creativity, music etc.

Question 6

label the brain

Answer 6

use diagram on ipad (notability)

Question 7

what side of the body does the left/right hemisphere of the brain control

Answer 7

left hemisphere = right side of body
right hemisphere = left side of body

Question 8

which 2 psychologists argued for localisation of brain functions

Answer 8

paul broka & karl wernicke

Question 9

what is localisation of function sometime referred to as

Answer 9

cortical specialisation

Question 10

idea of localisation of brain function

Answer 10

different parts of the brain perform different tasks/involved with different parts of the body

Question 11

cerebral cortex

Answer 11

outer layer of both hemispheres

Question 12

what is subdivided into 4 centres

Answer 12

cortex of both hemispheres

Question 13

where is the motor area found

Answer 13

back of frontal lobe

Question 14

function of motor area

Answer 14

controls voluntary movement in opposite sides of the body

Question 15

result of damage to motor area

Answer 15

loss of control over fine movements

Question 16

where is the somatosensory area found

Answer 16

front of parietal lobes

Question 17

what’s the somatosensory area separated from motor area by

Answer 17

‘valley’ called central sulcus

Question 18

function of somatosensory area

Answer 18

where sensory info from skin is represented
eg. touch, heat

Question 19

where is the visual area (visual cortex) found

Answer 19

in occipital lobe

Question 20

function of visual area (visual cortex)

Answer 20

• info from left visual field sent to right visual cortex
• info from right visual field sent to left visual cortex

Question 21

where is the auditory area found

Answer 21

temporal lobes

Question 22

function of auditory area

Answer 22

analyses speech-based info

Question 23

result of damage to auditory area

Answer 23

may cause partial hearing loss
- more extensive the damage = more extensive the loss

Question 24

where is language restricted to in the brain

Answer 24

left side

Question 25

paul broca’s (surgeon) discovery

Answer 25

• in 1880s
• identified small area in left frontal lobe responsible for speech production

Question 26

damage to broca’s area

Answer 26

= causes broca’s aphasia
- slow speech, laborious & lacking in fluency
- difficulty with prepositions & conjunctions

Question 27

broca’s most famous patient

Answer 27

‘tan’ - only word he could say but could understand speech of others

Question 28

wernicke’s discovery

Answer 28

identified region (wernicke’s area) in left temporal lobe responsible for language understanding

Question 29

damage to wernicke’s area

Answer 29

wernicke’s aphasia = produce nonsense words (neologisms) in speech content & unable to undertsand speech of others