Brain Lobes Flashcards
Frontal Lobe- Precentral Gyrus
Function: (Primary Motor Cortex/M1) Voluntary motor cortex of contralateral face/arm/trunk/leg
Dysfunction: Contralateral Mono or hemi-plegia
Frontal Lobe- Supplementary Motor Area
Function- Advanced motor planning, contralateral head and eye turning (connections to CN III, IV, VI, IX, X, and XII nuclei).
Dysfunction- Contralateral Head and eye paralysis, Akinesia, or inability to perform complex tasks.
Frontal Lobe- Prefrontal Pole
Function: Personality center, including abstract ideas, concern for others, consience, initiative, judgement, persistance, and planning
Dysfunction: Loss of inhibition and demonstration of antisocial behaviors, ataxia, primitive behaviors, and hypertonicity.
Frontal Lobe- Paracentral Lobule (Broca’s Area)
Function- Bladder and Bowel inhibition. D- Motor Speech Center ND- Appreciation of intonation and gestures with vocalization
Dysfunction- Urinary and bowel incontinence, Broca’s Expressive Aphasia
Frontal Lobe- General Function
- Frontal Lobe
- Personality
- Reasoning
- Motor planning
- Judgment
- Emotional regulation
Blood Supply- ACA
Temporal Lobe- General Function
- Hearing
- Comprehension
- Visuospatial Orientation
- Conceptual Understanding
- Visual Memories/Visual
- Processing
Blood Supply- MCA
Parietal Lobe-General Function
- Pain
- Touch (all types)
- Temperature
- Pressure
Blood Supply- ACA and MCA
Occipital Lobe- General Function
Sight
Blood supply- PCA
Parietal Lobe- Postcentral Gyrus
Function- Somatosensory cortex of contralateral pain; posture; proprioception; touch of arm/trunk/leg
Dysfunction- Contralateral sensation loss
Parietal Lobe- Parietal Pole
Function- D: Ability to perform calculations
ND: Ability to construct shapes, awareness of external environment, and body image
Dysfunction-D: Acalcula, agraphia, finger agnosia
ND: Constructional apraxia, geographic agnosia, dressing apraxia, anosognosia
Occipital Lobe- Striate and Parastriate Corteces
Function- Perception of vision
Dysfunction- Homonymous hemianopsia with or without macular involvement
Parietal Lobe- Wernicke’s Area
Function- D: Sensory Speech (auditory and written) comprehension center
ND: Appreciation of content of emotional language (e.g. tone of voice)
Dysfunction- Wernicke’s (receptive) aphasia
*also partly in temporal lobe
Parietal Lobe- Gustatory Cortex
Function- Perception of Taste
Dysfunction- Uncommon
Parietal Lobe- Optic Radiation
Function- Visual Tract
Dysfunction-Lower Homonymous quadrantanopia
Temporal Lobe- Superior Temporal Gyrus (auditory cortex)
Function- D: Appreciation of Language
ND:Appreciation of music, rhythm and sound
Dysfunction: D: Decreased ability to hear
ND: Decreased ability to appreciate music
Temporal Lobe- Middle and Inferior Temporal Gyri
Function- Learning and Memory Centers
Dysfunction-Learning and memory deficits
Temporal Lobe- Optic Radiation
Function- Visual Tract
Dysfunction-Upper Homonyous Quadrantanopia
Temporal Lobe- Limbic Lobe and Olfactory Cortex
Function- Affective and emotion center including mood, primitive behavior, self-preservation, short-term memory, visceral emotion process, and interpretation of smell.
Dysfunction- Aggresive or antisocial behavior. Inability to establish new memories.
R Hemisphere (Non-Dominant) Brain Function
- Non-verbal and artistic abilities.
- Visuo-perceptual function (hand-eye
coordination)
- Spatial relationships
- Perception of one’s position in space
- Nonverbal communication (facial
gestures)
- Judgment
- Self perception
Left Hemisphere (Dominant) Brain Function
• Analytical Reasoning,
Organization
• Speech and verbal
comprehension (Language)
- Analysis
- Organization/Methodical
- Memory
- Initiating a task/motor planning
Wernicke’s vs. Broca’s Aphasia
Incoherent speech but with a normal speed= Wernicke’s
Cannot find the words to say/off melody= Broca’s Aphasia (BROKEN). Broca’s is inferior frontal gyrus.
