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HUBS191 P2 > Brain lobes > Flashcards

Brain lobes Flashcards

1
Q

Lobes of the brain (4)

A

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

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2
Q 
Frontal lobe - anterior
function + location
A

language and personality

anterior or lobe, anterior of brain

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3
Q 
Frontal lobe - posterior
function + location
A

motor control

posterior of lobe, anterior of brain

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4
Q 
Parietal lobe
function + location
A

sensation (somatosensory)

posterior to the frontal lobe

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5
Q 
Occipital lobe
function + location
A

vision

posterior of brain

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6
Q 
Temporal lobe
function + location
A

memory, hearing

inferior to parietal lobe

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7
Q

Major sulci, gyri, and fissures

A 
Central sulcus
Pre-central gyrus
Post-central gyrus
Parietal-occipital sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Transverse fissure
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8
Q

Central sulcus

location

A

separates frontal and parietal lobes

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9
Q

Pre-central gyrus

location

A

anterior to central sulcus

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10
Q

Post-central gyrus

location

A

posterior to central sulcus

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11
Q

Parietal-occipital sulcus

location

A

separates parietal and occipital lobes

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12
Q

Lateral sulcus

location

A

separates temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

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13
Q

Transverse fissure

location

A

separates cerebrum from cerebellum

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14
Q 
Major divisions of the brain
medial view (5)
A 
Cerebral cortex (cerebrum)
Corpus callosum (white matter)
Diencephalon 
Brainstem
Cerebellum
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15
Q

Diencephalon

2 sections

A

thalamus

hypothalamus

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16
Q

Brainstem

3 sections

A

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

17
Q

Cerebral cortex

structure (3 parts)

A

outer layer made of grey matter (cell bodies)
inner layers made of white matter (axons)
deep nuclei

18
Q

3 types of white matter in the brain

A

commissural tracts
projection tracts
association tracts

19
Q

commissural tracts

function

A

axons cross from side to side (both directions) so the right and left sides of the brain know what each other is doing and can coordinate

20
Q

projection tracts

function

A

axons extend between cortex and other CNS areas outside cerebrum

21
Q

association tracts

function

A

axons on the same side within the cerebral cortex. communication between brain areas, short or long distance

22
Q

somatic efferent division

A

voluntary movement

two neurons between brain & effector: upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron

23
Q

corticospinal pathway

A

two neurons between brain and effector:

  • upper motor neuron (neuron #1)
  • lower motor neuron (neuron #2)
24
Q

upper motor neuron - neuron #1

function

A

cell body in 1˚ motor cortex
axon extends from motor cortex to spinal cord on opposite side
makes synapse on lower motor neuron

25
Q

lower motor neuron - neuron #2

function

A

cell body in ventral horn (grey matter) of spinal cord
axon extends out of spinal cord (ventral root) into body
makes synapse on skeletal muscle

26
Q

primary motor cortex

function

A

specific regions of the motor cortex control specific regions of the body’s movement

27
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

function

A

specific regions of the somatosensory cortex receive sensory information from specific regions of the body
3 neurons between sensory receptor (in body) and somatosensory neuron in post-central gyrus

28
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #1
function

A

makes synapse on neuron #2 in medulla oblongata

29
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #1
location

A
  • cell body in dorsal root ganglion (unipolar neuron)
  • peripheral process (input zone) from sensory receptor in skin
  • central process (output zone) ascends toward brain in dorsal columns (spinal cord white matter)
30
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #2
function

A

makes synapse on neuron #3 in thalamus

31
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #2
location

A
  • cell body in medulla oblongata

- axon crosses to opposite side and ascends

32
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #3
function

A

makes a synapse on the cell body of a somatosensory cortex neuron

33
Q

1˚ somatosensory cortex
dorsal/posterior column pathway - neuron #3
location

A
  • cell body in thalamus

- axon ascends to somatosensory cortex

HUBS191 P2 (9 decks)

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