Brain Key Terms

Question 1

Cerebral brain lobe located inferior to the frontal and parietal lobes: involved in recognition and perception.

Answer 1

Temporal lobe

Question 2

congenital defect in which the cerebellum and brain stem are pulled toward the spinal cord (banana sign); frontal bossing or “lemon head” is also evident on ultrasound

Answer 2

Chari malformation

Question 3

groove on the surface of the brain that separates the gyri

Answer 3

Sulcus

Question 4

prominent group of nerve fibers that connect the right and left sides of the brain; found superior to the third ventricle

Answer 4

Corpus callosum

Question 5

Medial portion of the cerebellum; connects cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 5

Vermis

Question 6

Most anterior brain lobe of the cerebral cortex. Contains sensory receptors involved with speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving

Answer 6

Frontal lobe

Question 7

Outer layer of three meningeal protective and supportive tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 7

Dura mater

Question 8

largest part of the brain consisting of two equal hemispheres

Answer 8

Cerebrum

Question 9

echogenic cluster of cells important in the production of cerebrospinal fluid that lies along the atrium of the lateral ventricles

Answer 9

Choroid plexus

Question 10

Flap of dura mater that separates the cerebral hemispheres from the superior structures in the brain

Answer 10

Tentorium

Question 11

two ovoid brain structures located midbrain, situated on either side of the third ventricle superior to the brain stem

Answer 11

Thalamus

Question 12

Extends inferiorly from the pons to form the inferior portion of the brain stem that projects out of the skull through the foremen magnum (o large opening in the posterior portion of the occipital bone of the skull) and connects to the spinal cord.

Answer 12

Medulla oblangta

Question 13

fragile periventricular tissue (includes the caudate nucleus) that easily bleeds in the premature infant

Answer 13

Germinal matrix

Question 14

Unossified, soft, membrane-covered space between the sutures of the skull, at the top of the head

Answer 14

Anterior fontanelle

Question 15

part of the brain connecting the forebrain and the spinal cord; consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Answer 15

Brain stem

Question 16

Middle layer of three meningeal protective and supportive tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Answer 16

Arachnoid mater

Question 17

area of the brain that forms the lateral borders of the anterior horns, anterior to the thalamus

Answer 17

Caudate nucleus

Question 18

echogenic fibrous structure (portion of the dura mater) that separates the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 18

Falx cerebri

Question 19

Superior portion of the brain stem situated where the cerebellum and pons unite

Answer 19

Midbrain

Question 20

Small cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. Has no connection or communication with the ventricular system. Does communicate with the cavum septum vergae. Situated between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles. Closes before birth

Answer 20

Cavum septum pellucidum

Question 21

area of the brain that lies posterior to the brain stem below the tentorium

Answer 21

Cerebellum

Question 22

three membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord

Answer 22

Meninges

Question 23

reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 23

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Question 24

Cerebrospinal fluid­ filled cavities within each cerebral hemi­ sphere. Lie just below the corpus callosum and separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, a thin partition. Each lateral ventricle is divided segmentally into a frontal horn, body, occipital horn, and temporal horn

Answer 24

Lateral ventricles