Brain Imaging Flashcards
The right and left optic nerve join at the _____
optic chiasm
The medial and lateral rectus muscles are located in what part of the face?
eyes.
the vertebral arteries join to form the _____ artery?
basilar artery
The pituitary stalk is also called the??
infindibulum
The vertebral arteries supply blood to what part of the brain?
anterior or posterior?
posterior
The ICA supplies blood to what part of the brain?
The anterior or the posterior brain?
anterior
What level of the spine is the carotid bifurication located?
C3-C4
What part of the head does the external carotid artery supply?
the face
Is the MRA COW exam considered intracranial arterial imaging or extracranial??
think about where its located
intracranial.
The ICA is located next to the pituitary on coronal imaging of the brain.
True or False
TRUE :) Its the black spot next to the pituitary
ON a dual inversion recovery axial image, the white matter is ____ and the gray matter is ___
dark or hyperintense?
white matter- darker
gray matter- the lighter one
Whats the difference in the lentiform nucleus and the caudate nucleus?
f
What are the four lobes of the brain?
frontal, parietal lobe, temporal, and occipital
The nasion landmark used for brain imaging is another word for glabella region
True
Diffusion imaging is
the thermally induced motion of water molecules in tissues
True
The measurement of the rate of water diffusion used in called ___ motion
brownian
A selectable parameter in DWI is the ____ value
A B or C
B- Value.
If the patient has a POSITIVE bleed on their Diffusion, what will it look like on both the ADC and the DWI
Dark on the ADC and bright on the DWI.
If someone has a stroke on the diffusion, will they have a high B-Value or low B-value on the image?
HIGH B-value aka high signal.
Contrast in Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) depends on the degree to which molecular mobility
is impaired (water restriction), the sensitivity of the sequence to Brownian motion, and the
direction of water diffusion.
True
The hippocampus is best seen in a coronal image or an axial?
coronal
Where is the hippocampus located?
in the medial temporal lobe.
If someone has medial temporal lobe epilipsy, this could mean they have damage to the hippocampus
True or False?
True
When imaging for Arnold-Chiari, what slice orientation is most optimal?
Sag axial or coronal?
Sagital, We like to be able to see the downward descent of the cerebral tonsils.
Syrinx in the spine are associated with what malformation of the brain?
Chiari
A CSF flow study (Cine) MRI is often used with patients diagnosed with Chiari Malformation
True
If someone has an abnormal prolactin level, what kind of tumor do you think we should suspect?
pituitary tumor
Why is it so important to scan the pituitary really fast after GAD?
The pituitary always looks enhanced and the tumors appear as not enhanced.
If someone has Bell’s Palsy, this is a facial paralysis resulting from a dysfunction of the ____ nerve which resulst in the inability to contraol facial muscles
Cranial nerve VII (or just the facial nerve.
MS refers to “scars or lesions” especially seen in the ____ matter of the brain and the ____ cord.
White matter and spinal cord. Both are composed mainly of myelin. Which is what is damaged in ppl with MS.
What are some indications of MS (multiple Sclerosis?)
numbness, tingling, balance problem, speech problems, visual problems such as optic neuritis, and fatigue.
What type of imaging is BEST for seeing MS lesions?
Sagittal Flair and Axial Flair.
The vertebral arteries branch from the _____ arteries to form the ____ artery
Vertebral arteries branch from subclavian artery to form the basilar artery.
The vertebral arteries enter the transverse foramen from C6-C1 then through the foramen magnum.
True
The superior sagittal sinus is located along the margin of the falx cerebri.
True or False
True. This is at the midline of the brain.
What is the insular cortex responsible for?
perception, motor control, self awareness, cognitive function, and interpersonal experience. We have one of these in each hemisphere.
What does the olfactory nerve do and where is it located?
located near ethmoid bone, and helps smell from nasal mucosa?
on image, itll be kinda in the middle of where nose would be. makes sense
What does the optic nerve do and where is it located?
retina/ optical canal, helps with vision from retina
What does the oculomotor nerve do and where is it located?
located at midbrain to orbital fissure, it helps w motor function from superior to infer and medial rectus muscles ( so near the eye)
lateral and anterior to thalmus
What does the trochlear nerve do and where is it located?
located in posterior midbrain to orbital fissure, helps with motor function to superior oblique that directs gaze inferior to lateral.
in posterior area adjacent to thalmus.
What does the trigeminal nerve do and where is it located?
from pons to foramen ovale and it is in charge of facial sensation from forehead, scalp to mouth, lip, anterior tongue
What does the abducen nerve do and where is it located?
located from pons to superficial orbital fissure, is control to motor to lateral rectus and controls the lateral gaze
What does the facial nerve do and where is it located?
from pons to submandibular internal auditory meatus/facial canal.
it motor to muscles to control facial expression, and taste to anterior tongue
What does the vistibulucochlear nerve do and where is it located?
located in vestibular ganglion to internal auditory meatus, in charge of vestibular sensation from semicircular ducts
What does the glossopharyngealnerve do and where is it located?
medulla/superior and inferior ganglion to the jugular foramen
controls swallowing, parotid gland, taste from posterior tongue.
What does the vagus nerve do and where is it located?
from medilla to jugular foramen
motor to pharynx, larynx, taste from epiglottis palate
What does the spinal accessory nerve do and where is it located?
in spinal cord, motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
What does the hypoglossal nerve do and where is it located?
from medulla to hypoglossal canal, motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue.
near spinal cord and cerebellum
A vestibular Schwannoma, often called an
Acoustic Neuroma
Diplopia, commonly known as
double vision
What does TMJ stand for?
temporomandibular joint
In the TMJs, the articular discs lie between the mandibular condyle and the mandibular fossa.
True
If a brain exam is being performed and the request is made to rule out acoustic neuroma, a protocol with thin cuts through the _________ should be performed.
IACS ( i think of acoustic guitar is something I can “HEAR” therefore the IACS
MR findings of a low volume corpus callosum and increased white matter lesions can be indicative of a diagnosis of:
MS
On a T2 weighted image, CSF appears bright because it has a long T2 relaxation time.
true
